INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FACTORS ON THE BACTERIAL FLACHERIE DISEASE OF SILKWORM (Bombyx mori L.)
KrishiKosh
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Title |
INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FACTORS ON THE BACTERIAL FLACHERIE DISEASE OF SILKWORM (Bombyx mori L.)
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Creator |
PARAMASIVA, I
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Subject |
INFLUENCE, CERTAIN, PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, FACTORS, BACTERIAL, FLACHERIE, DISEASE, SILKWORM
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Description |
Investigations on instar and breed susceptibility of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. to bacterial flacherie disease were conducted during 2004-2005. Morphological and biochemical changes that occur due to flacherie incidence, histopathological changes that reflect in the larvae of silkworm infected with Bacillus thuringiensis were documented. Simultaneously the effect of ecological factors like temperature and humidity, leaf maturity, larval starvation and leaf preservation on the development of bacterial flacherie disease were observed. The impact of antibiotics in preventing the bacterial flacherie were also carried out in the sericulture unit in Department of Entomology, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, Acharya N.G.Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad. In all the three races of silkworm, later larval instars were seen to be more tolerant to bacterial flacherie, than the early instars, indicating that susceptibility of silkworm to flacherie decreased with the advancement of the stage of the larvae. Among three breeds used, PM race was found to be more tolerant to flacherie than CSR2 and PM x CSR2 races. Marked morphological changes, like darkening of the eggs, shrinkage of the larval body, malformed pupae and adults with crinkled wings were observed in the silkworm when they were infected with Bacillus thuringiensis. Total proteins, carbohydrates and lipid content in the haemolymph of infected larvae were found low when compared to the normal larvae. However, the reduction in protein, carbohydrate and lipid contents in the haemolymph of infected larvae was conspicuously low in PM race than CSR2 and PM x CSR2 indicating its tolerance to flacherie. Thirty minutes after ingestion of spores of B.thuringiensis by the larvae, the midgut epithelial cells became detached from the wall of the midgut and deep infoldings of columnar cells became irregular. Cavity of goblet cells became enlarged. Vacuoles were observed in the columnar cells. The maximum growth and sporulation of the bacteria were observed at 35°C temperature and 90 per cent relative humidity. The bacterial flacherie infected larvae showed higher mortality when they were fed with tender leaves without shade drying. The lower mortality was low in the larvae fed with medium mature leaves that were shade dried for 3h. The larval and cocoon parameters were higher when the larvae were fed with medium mature leaves without shade drying. Whereas lowest values were obtained with the coarse leaves that were shade dried for 3 h. The fourth and fifth instar larvae showed higher mortality, lower larval weight and cocoon parameters when the bacterial flacherie infected larvae starved for 36 h. Whereas lower mortality and higher larval and cocoon parameters were recorded when the infected larvae were reared without starvation. The bacterial flacherie infected fifth instar larvae reared with leaves without preservation, showed higher mortality and higher larval and cocoon parameters. Whereas the larvae reared with 24 h preserved leaves showed lower mortality and lower larval and cocoon parameters. Among the different antibiotics, evaluated and methods of applications involved, “norfloxacin” applied by the method of spraying at a concentration of 1500 ppm was found to be very effective in reducing the mortality of silkworm larvae due to bacterial flacherie. This treatment also significantly increased the larval weight and cocoon parameters like cocoon weight, shell weight and shell percentage. |
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Date |
2016-08-17T14:35:18Z
2016-08-17T14:35:18Z 2005 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/72794
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Language |
en
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Relation |
D7713;
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
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