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UTILIZATION OF MAIZE STALKS FOR MUSHROOM CULTIVATION AND COMPOST MAKING

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Title UTILIZATION OF MAIZE STALKS FOR MUSHROOM CULTIVATION AND COMPOST MAKING
 
Creator HARIKRISHNA, PAILA
 
Contributor LAKSHMI PATHY, R.
 
Subject mud, diseases, viruses, colourants, livestock, papayas, fungi, iaa, iris
MAIZE STALKS, MUSHROOM
 
Description The study entitled “UTILIZATION OF MAIZE STALKS FOR MUSHROOM
CULTIVATION AND COMPOST MAKING” was conducted during 2012-13 at, Post
Harvest Technology Centre, Bapatla, A.P. Aim of this research work was to evaluate
feasibility of maize stalks for oyster mushroom cultivation as that of paddy straw and
sorghum stalks and also, to evaluate maize stalks and maize stalks after mushroom
cultivation for composting and vermicomposting.
In the first experiment, to evaluate maize stalks for mushroom cultivation, there
were 6 treatments viz., 100% maize straw, 100% sorghum straw, 100% paddy straw, 50%
maize straw + 50% paddy straw, 50% sorghum straw + 50% paddy straw, 50% maize straw
+ 50% sorghum straw. Oyster mushroom yield and bioefficiency was more in 100% paddy
straw, but the differences in mushroom yield and bioefficiency between the treatments
were on par with each other. Difference in mushroom pin head initiation was recorded
between the different substrates and their combinations used. Mushroom pin heads were
formed soon in case of 50% sorghum stalk + 50% paddy straw (22 days). Moisture content
of the fresh mushroom varied between different substrates and was highest in case of
mushrooms harvested from 50% maize stalk + 50% paddy straw (88.91%).
There was variation in protein content, total amino acids, total sugars, phenolic
content, crude fibre content, ash content and calorific value of oyster mushrooms were
statistically differed among the treatments. Highest protein content (26.83%), total sugars
(46.13%), calorific value (8.67 Kj/g) and ash content (7.93%) were recorded in the
mushrooms harvested from 100% maize stalk. Amino acid content (22.63mg/g) and pH
(6.53) were more in the mushrooms harvested from 50% sorghum stalk + 50% paddy straw.
Highest phenolic content (0.59mg/g) was recorded in the mushrooms harvested from 100%
sorghum stalk. Highest crude fibre content was recorded in mushrooms harvested from
100% paddy straw (10.83%).
In another experiment fresh maize stalks and maize stalks after mushroom
cultivation (Spent mushroom substrates) were utilized for composting by treating them
with Phanerochete chrysosporium (PC) +Trichurus spiralis and earth worms.
During composting there was a variation in the population of microorganisms,
nutrient content, pH and temperature at different stages. Microbial population varied
significantly between the substrates and treatments of composting process. The population
of microorganisms increased up to 20th day of composting in all the treatments and then
decreased.
Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium contents in the mushroom spent substrate
(0.98 %, 0.19 %, 0.78 %) were more compared to fresh maize stalks (0.7 %, 0.17 %,
0.72%, respectively). These nutrients slightly increased during composting process. But the
rate of increase in nutrients content was more in case of vermicomposts compared to other
treatments. N, P, K contents were more in the composts prepared from mushroom spent
substrate compared to fresh maize stalks in all the stages and in all treatments. But it is
quite opposite in case of organic carbon and C : N ratio. The organic carbon content and C :
N ratio slightly decreased during composting process in all the treatments at all the stages
of composting.
Compost recovery was more in maize stalk untreated (487.3g/500g) and least in
case of maize stalk after mushroom production+ earth worms (278.3g./500g.). The
multiplication rate of earthworms is more in case of mushroom spent substrate (572%)
compared to fresh maize stalk (400%). Regarding the pile temperature during composting,
it increased up to 3rd week and then decreased. Maximum pile temperatures were recorded
in the treatment with maize stalk after mushroom production + Phanerochete
chrysosporium + Trichurus spiralis (44.2OC).
Key words: maize stalks, sorghum stalks, paddy straw, oyster mushroom, mushroom spent
substrate, composting, vermin composting, earth worms, fungal culture.
 
Date 2016-06-08T15:13:36Z
2016-06-08T15:13:36Z
2013
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67029
 
Language en
 
Relation ;D9268
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY