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Studies on diagnosis and haematobiochemical alterations in theileriosis of equines in Punjab

KrishiKosh

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Title Studies on diagnosis and haematobiochemical alterations in theileriosis of equines in Punjab
 
Creator Sumbria, Deepak
 
Contributor Singla, L. D.
 
Subject Prevalence
PCR
indirect ELISA
competitive-inhibition ELISA
Theileria equi
haematobiochemical alterations
equines
risk factors
 
Description A total of 464 equines (426 horses and 38 donkeys/mules) from fourteen districts of five agro-climatic zones of Punjab were screened to explore the prevalence of Theileriosis caused by Theileria equi an important haemoprotozoan parasite of phylum Apicomplexa, order Piroplasmida. Various diagnostic tests were optimized and employed on these samples for the assurance of results including molecular tools by selecting more specific primers and better DNA extraction method for high sensitivity and specificity. The three important diagnostic procedure viz., microscopic, molecular (18S rRNA) and serological, revealed an overall prevalence of 3.66% by blood film, 11.64% by primary PCR, 21.77% by nested PCR and 49.78% by indirect-ELISA (EMA2), with an increasing trend from northeast to south west. Overall highest prevalence was recorded in Western Plain Zone by all four techniques with the detection rate of 9.52, 22.22, 42.86 and 80.95% respectively. District wise highest prevalence was seen in district Fazilka by microscopic (11.53%), primary PCR (23.07%), indirect-ELISA (84.62%), and in Ferozepur by nested PCR (43.24%) tests. The assessment of various physical and biological risk factors included the presence of tick vector (OR=5.13) followed by farm management system (OR=3.23) species type (OR=2.87), sex of the host (OR=1.80), as the most influential factor for infection of T. equi infection. Evaluation of haemato-biochemical parameters showed significant increase in TLC, MCH, GLO, CRCS, AST, GGT, TBIL and decreases TEC, Hb, PCV parameters in equines positive by blood film and primary PCR as compared to non infected group. While nested PCR and indirect-ELISA revealed significant increase in CRSC, GGT, TBIL, DBIL, GLU and decrease in TEC as compared to non infected group. SEM revealed characteristic identification features of ticks collected, which upon analysis by PCR assay revealed the presence of T. equi parasite in 11 out 84 specimens. Multiplex PCRs were optimized and employed on representative samples as a time and cost effective tool for co-infection of T. equi and T. evansi as well as T. equi and B. caballi. As no case for B. caballi was recorded by multiplex PCR, these results were further corroborated with cELISA (EMA1) which revealed 75% and only 1.11% prevalence of T. equi and B. caballi. The nucleotide sequences obtained from the PCR amplicons of T. equi in the present study showed 99% homology to the Brazil isolates. Western Plain Zone is more prone to T. equi so control programme should start from these areas.
 
Date 2016-08-19T17:28:43Z
2016-08-19T17:28:43Z
2015-06-08
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/73093
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf