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STUDIES ON SEEDLING COLD TOLERANCE IN SORGHUM

KrishiKosh

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Title STUDIES ON SEEDLING COLD TOLERANCE IN SORGHUM
 
Creator BIRANWAR NIRANJAN INDRARAJ
 
Contributor RADHA KRISHNA, K.V
 
Subject STUDIES, SEEDLING, COLD, TOLERANCE,SORGHUM
 
Description The salient inferences drawn from the results obtained from the investigations
on “STUDIES ON SEEDLING COLD TOLERANCE IN SORGHUM (Sorghum
bicolor (L.) Moench)” comprising 128 genotypes are as given below.
Keeping in this view, investigations on “studies on seedling cold tolerance in
sorghum” were undertaken to elucidate the information on tolerance to cold stress.
The main aim was to understand and quantify various components of seed quality in
relation to cold tolerance, to identify simple techniques that would reliably determine
germination under cold condition, and identify cold tolerant lines to breed further for
cold tolerance.
From the results it is evident that the important selection criteria that
determine tolerance under cold are: germination percentage of seed, Vigour index,
rate of germination and dehydrogenase activity. Hence rapid germination and
vigourous growth of sorghum seedlings under cool (10o C) soil conditions is a
significant cold tolerant trait. Temperature sensitive processes in seedling
establishment include germination, growth and emergence. The shoot length would be
expected to follow differences in rate of germination. In practice, all genotypes being
selected for seeding in cold conditions need both rapid germination and good seedling
vigour when temperatures are normal as well as a high level of tolerance to colder
conditions when seeded early. Thus, the evaluation of seedling growth, early seedling
vigour, rate of germination under normal and cold temperatures is useful for
identifying genotypes with early seedling vigour better rate of seed germination for
calculating cold tolerance per se (relative reduction of normal performance).
The analysis of the results evidently brings out the variable significant
influences of cold stress on genotypes and various seed and seedling traits. The
correlations worked out and the variabilities understood from the statistical analysis,
including the heritability components and genetic advancement has clearly brought
out strong linkages among few of the seed and seedling traits to categorize them into
the best among hybrids and varieties, parental lines, germplasm lines and advanced
lines in AICSIP trials.
Therefore, the important selection criteria that determine tolerance under cold
are: germination percentage of seed, vigour index, rate of germination and
dehydrogenase activity.
The cold tolerant genotypes identified are CSH 9, CSH 14, CSH 15R, CSH
23, CSH 16, CSH 18 (Hybrids), CSV 23, M 35-1, RS 29, CSV 19, I 12 (varieties), 27
B, 104 A, 2219 B, 2077 A, 2077 B, AKMS 14B (Parental lines), AVHT-SS 601,
AVHT-SS 607, AVHT-SS 611, AVHT-SS 617, AVHT-SS 626, AVHT-SS 624,
AVHT-SS 627, AVHT-SS 701, AVHT-SS 705, AVHT-SS 714 (Advanced lines in
AICSIP), IS 10940, IS 303, IS 305, IS 311, IS 3762 (Germplasm lines)
Hence, in conclusion, the breeding efforts should be in the direction that will
evolve seeds with requisite cold tolerance in the desirable agronomic background to
increase productivity in cooler environments. Therefore, the future line of work
should focus on the task of deriving cold tolerant hybrids and varieties with good
agronomic background with following objectives:
1. To evaluate genotype × environment effects on fertility restoration under cold
temperatures and identify cold tolerant lines to further enhance for cold tolerance
in hybrid parents
2. Characterize germplasm sources for cold and integrate these genes into elite
genetic backgrounds, and
3. Develop mapping populations and identify molecular markers for cold tolerance
in sorghum
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) is one of the most important cereal
crops cultivated in the world next to Wheat, Rice and Maize. The crop is grown for food,
feed and fodder. It is dietary staple of more than 500 million people in more than 30
countries. India now produce about the same amount of 8.0 m t of sorghum grain from
much reduced area of 8.45 m ha (2007-08), what it used to produce from about 18 m ha
in the 1970’s. Area under kharif sorghum has come down from 10.7 m ha to less than 4.0
m ha over the last 30 years. Declining in Rabi area is not drastic (from 6.8 m ha to 4.9 m
ha during same period). Maintaining the production level is made possible only largely
through productive hybrids and varieties and improved production technologies
developed by the central and state programmes. During the last three decades,
productivity has gone up by 84.0% in case of kharif sorghum and 70% in rabi sorghum.
This has enabled the country to spare > 8.0 m ha land (in most cases fertile land with
even supplementary irrigation facility) for the horizontal spread of commercial crops
such as oil seeds, pulses, soybean and even maize and Bt cotton in recent years.
The kharif sorghum is grown in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh,
Andhra Pradesh,
 
Date 2016-08-06T13:38:06Z
2016-08-06T13:38:06Z
2010
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/71256
 
Language en
 
Relation D8575;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD