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Pathoepidemiological and molecular studies on letospirosis in bovines of South Gujarat

KrishiKosh

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Title Pathoepidemiological and molecular studies on letospirosis in bovines of South Gujarat
 
Creator Patel, Jigneshkumar M
 
Contributor Prasad, M.C.
 
Subject livestock, diseases, biological phenomena, sampling, pcr, bacteria, elisa, breeds (animals), dna, byproducts
 
Description In the present study a total 500 serum/blood (cattle-398, buffaloes-102), 304 urine (cattle-232, buffaloes-72) and 50 tissue (buffaloes-50) samples were collected from apparently healthy and clinically ailing cattle and buffaloes of different age and breeds from various districts (Navsari, Surat, Tapi, Valsad) of South Gujarat. These samples were subjected to serological, clinicopathological, pathomorphological and molecular studies in leptospirosis.
A serological survey of leptospirosis was carried out by MAT in cattle and buffaloes. Out of 500 (398- cattle, 102 buffaloes) serum samples leptospiral antibody could be detected in 67 (13.40 %). The seroprevalence among buffaloes (15.69 %, 16/102) was higher in comparison to cattle (12.81 %, 51/398). While in ELISA out of 398 serum samples 23 (5.79 %) were found to be positive for leptospiral antibodies in cattle.
In cattle maximum seroprevalence was recorded from Valsad (47.06 %, 24/51) district followed by Navsari (9.14 %, 18/197), Surat (6.90 %, 2/29) and Tapi (5.79 %, 7/121). The rate of seroprevalence was highest in pure indigenous breed: Gir (25.00 %, 9/36) followed by pure exotic breed/cross bred i.e. Jersey (15.38 %, 4/26), Gir cross (15.38 %, 2/13), Holstein Friesian cross (11.98 %, 29/242), Holstein
Friesian (10.77 %, 7/65) and Jersey cross (00 %). Sex wise seroprevalence in cattle did not differ significantly (P ≤ 0.05) though the females showed higher seroprevalence (13.22 %, 48/363) in comparison to male (8.57 %, 3/35). Maximum incidence of seropositivity was found in cattle above 4 years (16.32 %, 39/239) of age followed by animals between 1-4 years (9.68 %, 12/124). None of the cattle below one year showed seropositivity. Highest seropositivity was recorded against serovar Pomona (28.89 %) followed by Hardjo (15.56 %), Canicola (12.22 %), Patoc (5.56 %), Icterohaemorrhagiae (5.56 %), Hebdomadis (5.56 %), Pyrogenes (4.44 %), Bellum (4.44 %), Bataviae (4.44 %), utumnalis/Bankinang (3.33 %), Australis (2.22 %), Hurstbridge (2.22 %), Javanica (2.22 %), Grippotyphosa (1.11 %), Shermani (1.11 %) and Kaup (1.11 %). Higher seropositivity was noted in clinically
ailing cattle (15.84 %, 16/101) than apparently healthy cattle (11.78%, 35/298). In clinically ailing seropositive cattle history of mastitis/ agalactia/oligolactia was recorded in maximum number of cases (24.00 %, 6/25) followed by abortion (20.00 %, 3/15), fever (14.81%, 4/27), repeat breeding (11.76%, 2/17) and anorexia (5.88%, 1/17) in different combinations.
In buffaloes of South Gujarat seroprevalence of leptospirosis was noted to be 15.69 % (16 out of 102) with highest rate in Tapi (50.00 %) followed by Navsari (14.89 %) and Surat (13.72 %). Among different breed of buffalo Jafrabadi showed 50.00 % seropositivity followed by Surati (16.67 %), ehsani (15.00%) and NonDescript (5.55%). In female buffaloes the seropositivity was noted in 16.49 % cases.
However, none of males exhibited seropositivity. The highest rate of seropositivity (19.23 %) was observed in the age group of 1-4 years followed by above 4 years (15.71 %). Seropositivity was recorded against one or more serovars with highest number of serovar Kaup (17.39 %) followed by Grippotyphosa (13.04 %), Pomona (13.04 %), Javanica (13.04 %), Patoc (8.70 %), Canicola (8.70 %), Hardjo (8.70 %), Bataviae (8.70 %), Autumnalis/Bankinang (4.35 %), Hurstbridge (4.35 %). Higher
seropositivity (17.24 %, 5/29) was noted in clinically ailing buffaloes in comparison to apparently healthy group (15.06%, 11/73). In seropositive clinically ailing buffaloes the clinical signs included mastitis (30.00%, 3/10), fever (16.66 %, 1/6) and abortion (14.28%, 1/7) was recorded.
On urine analyses the parameters like leukocytes, nitrite, urobilinogen, RBCs, ketone bodies, bilirubin and glucose were negative both in seronegative and seropositive in either species. Specific gravity and pH in both the species did not differ significantly (P
 
Date 2016-05-16T12:10:27Z
2016-05-16T12:10:27Z
2014
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65995
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher NAU