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HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES IN SWEET CORN (Zea mays L. saccharata)

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Title HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES IN SWEET CORN (Zea mays L. saccharata)
 
Creator SADAIAH, K
 
Contributor NARSIMHA REDDY, V
 
Subject yields, planting, heterosis, sowing, hybrids, crossing over, plant oils, sugar, confectionery, vegetables
Zea mays L. saccharata
 
Description The present investigation has been undertaken in sweet corn to carry out the
combining ability analysis and to estimate heterosis as well as to understand nature
of gene action, genetic parameters, character association of yield and yield
contributing characters. Eight divergent parents were selected and crossed in diallel
fashion excluding reciprocals during Kharif, 2010. The resulting 28 crosses along
with parents and a standard check Sugar 75 and Madhuri were evaluated in
Randomized Block Design replicated thrice, during Rabi, 2010-11 at Agricultural
Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The data were collected on days to
50 per cent tasseling, days to 50 per cent silking, days to maturity, plant height, ear
height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per
row, green cob yield, 100 kernel (dry) weight and seed yield (wet) per plant, green
fodder yield and sugar content in percentage.
The combining ability analysis revealed importance of both additive and
non-additive gene actions in governing the characters but non-additive gene action
was found predominant. Among the parental lines, 6122-1 and 6100-2 were good
general combiners for earliness viz., days to 50 per cent tasseling, days to 50 per cent
silking and days to maturity and the parents 6100 and 6100-2 for seed yield (wet) per
plant. The parental lines 6100, 6100-2 and 6104 contributed maximum favourable
genes. Considering all the characters, the parents 6100, 6100-2 and 6122-1 can be
given status of good combiners.
The hybrids, 6104 x 6100, 6127 x 6100 and 6122-1 x 6100-2 were the good
specific combiners for seed yield (wet) per plant. Hence, these crosses could be
advanced further for isolation of transgressive segregants and also to develop good
inbred lines.
Estimates of heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were variable
among crosses in desirable direction and some of them turned out to be best specific
crosses. The cross combinations 6127 x 6100 (20.09%) and 6104 x 6100 (19.65%)
for seed yield (wet) per plant were found to be superior to the standard check Madhuri.
The hybrids 6072-3 x 6069, 6072-3 x 6100-2, 6069 x 6122-1, 6122-1 x 6127, 6072-3
x 6127 and 6104 x 6082 performed well over standard Madhuri for sugar content in
kernel. But none of the character (except sugar content in some hybrids like 6072-3
x 6069, 6072-3 x 6100-2 and 6069 x 6122-1) was significant when compared with
standard check Sugar 75.
Character association among seed yield (wet) per plant and yield contributing
characters exhibited that 100 seed (dry) weight, number of kernels per row, number
of kernel rows per ear, ear girth, ear length, plant height, green cob yield and ear
height had significant and positive correlations with grain yield.
Path coefficient analysis had shown direct positive relationship of number of
kernels per ear, ear height, ear length, 100 seed (dry) weight (phenotypic), number
of kernels per row and green cob yield with grain yield. The indirect effect of these
characters on grain yield influenced more by green cob yield and number of kernels
per row.
The identified four superior cross combinations (6104 x 6100, 6127 x 6100,
6100 x 6100-2 and 6122-1 x 6100-2) in the present investigation, based on
heterosis and combining ability, which performed well for seed yield (wet) per plant
and yield contributing characters may be used as single cross hybrids after
evaluation in multi location trials.
 
Date 2016-06-09T12:03:00Z
2016-06-09T12:03:00Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67089
 
Language en
 
Relation D8863;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY