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Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of ceftiofur in buffalo calves

KrishiKosh

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Title Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of ceftiofur in buffalo calves
 
Creator Sudamrao, Daundkar Prashant
 
Contributor Sharma, Suresh Kumar
 
Subject Ceftiofur
Pharmacokinetics
HPLC
Pharmacodynamics
Febrile
Hepatic dysfunction
PK-PD integration
 
Description Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters of ceftiofur sodium (2 mg.kg-1 B.W.) were studied in healthy as well as experimentally induced febrile and hepatic dysfunctioned buffalo calves along with in vitro plasma protein binding. The drug followed three compartment open model after i.v. whereas two compartment open model after i.m. and s.c. administration. Plasma exposure was good irrespective of the route administered. Decreased ability of enzyme system to metabolize ceftiofur resulted in rapid elimination of ceftiofur after i.v. dosing as compared to i.m. and s.c. Bioavailability of drug was fair after i.m. and s.c. administration. Plasma concentrations of parent drug and its metabolite DFC were lower in febrile animals as compared to healthy ones. There was rapid distribution, reduced plasma exposure and faster elimination of the drug as observed by significantly increased body clearance and shortened elimination half life in febrile animals as compared to healthy ones. It was found that plasma concentrations were lower in hepatic dysfunctioned buffalo calves than healthy calves. There was significantly reduced persistence and plasma exposure along with better distribution of ceftiofur and DFC in these animals as compared to healthy ones. Increased body clearance of parent drug along with its metabolite further added the evidence of faster elimination from the body of diseased animals as compared to healthy ones. There was no significant change in the plasma protein binding of ceftiofur in healthy and disease states. The MICs of ceftiofur against E. coli and S. aureus were 0.20 and 0.35 μg.ml-1 respectively. Upon PK-PD integration, it is recommended to repeat ceftiofur sodium administration at 24 h after i.v. and i.m. dosing & 36 h after s.c. dosing in healthy buffalo calves, whereas the dose should be repeated at 12h and 24h interval for the treatment of febrile and hepatic dysfunctioned animals.
 
Date 2016-08-19T17:42:41Z
2016-08-19T17:42:41Z
2015-02-06
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/73095
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf