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EFFICACY OF ZEOLITE DESICCANT BEADS ON PULSE BEETLE, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) IN GREENGRAM

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Title EFFICACY OF ZEOLITE DESICCANT BEADS ON PULSE BEETLE, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) IN GREENGRAM
 
Creator BIDYARANI DEVI, ELANGBAM
 
Contributor UMA MAHESWARI, T
 
Subject sowing, maize, costs, productivity, hybrids, area, marketing, seed production, markets, tillage equipment
 
Description Present studies on efficacy of zeolite desiccant beads on pulse beetle,
Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) in greengram were conducted in the Department of
Entomology, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to determine the effect
of zeolite beads on development of pulse beetle, C. chinensis and seed storage of green
gram during 2012-13. Effect of zeolite beads on development of pulse beetle was
expressed in terms of persistent desiccation effect of beads on seeds ultimately on the
insect expressed in terms of adult mortality, egg laying and adult emergence of C.
chinensis for 90 days. Further, the effect of zeolite beads on seed storage was observed
in terms of extent of damage on weight basis and seed moisture level.
Evaluation of seed bead mixture at different ratios i.e; 1:1, 1:0.9, 1:0.8, 1:0.7,
1:0.6, 1:0.5, 1:0.4, 1:0.3, 1:0.2 revealed that as seed bead ratio increased, the persistent
desiccant action also increased both in air tight container and cloth bag. When six
releases of C. chinensis adults were made into seed bead mixture of different
concentrations, at 15 days interval, maximum of 92.66 per cent mortality in air tight
container and 68.33 per cent in cloth bag was recorded. After second release at 15
DAT, 93.33 per cent mortality in air tight container and 67.33 per cent in cloth bag was
observed. After third release at 30 days, observations revealed that though mortality
was slightly decreased to 90.66 and 66.00 per cent in air tight container and cloth bag
respectively. When fourth release was made at 60 days, there was 92.33 per cent
mortality in air tight container and 59.66 per cent in cloth bag. After fifth release, 1:1
ratio resulted in 93.00 per cent and 61.00 per cent mortality in air tight container and
cloth bag respectively. By 90 days i.e; after three months, highest seed bead ratio 1:1
could cause 90.33 per cent mortality in air tight container and 66.66 per cent in cloth
bag. It can be concluded from the present study that, highest seed bead ratio of 1:1,
1:0.9, 1:0.8 and 1:0.7 cause mortality of C. chinensis ranging from 93.33 to 83.99 per
cent in air tight container and 68.33 to 51.33 per cent in cloth bag. However, if beads
were mixed with half the weight of seed, mortality of C. chinensis ranged from 79.66 to
82.66 per cent in air tight container and 50.66 to 67.33 per cent in cloth bag.
Significantly minimum number of eggs was observed at highest seed bead
ratio of 1:1 i.e., 23.33 at 30 DAT, 35.33 at 60 DAT and 50.00 per cent at 90 DAT in air
tight container where it was 110.33 eggs at 30 DAT, 126.00 at 60 DAT and 105.33 at
90 DAT in cloth bag. There was maximum of 94.61 per cent reduction in egg laying at
30 DAT, 93.64 per cent at 60 DAT and 91.28 per cent at 90 DAT in air tight container
whereas it was 78.81 per cent at 30 DAT, 77.04 at 60 DAT and 78.85 per cent at 90
DAT in cloth bag. To get 50 per cent reduction in egg laying, air tight container
requires minimum of 1:0.7 seed bead ratio by 30 DAT, 1:0.8 by 60 DAT, 1:1 by 90
DAT. No efficacy of beads was observed when mixed with seed stored in cloth bag at
90 DAT.
With regard to adult emergence of C. chinensis reared in seed bead mixture of
1:1 ratio, significant reduction was observed with minimum of 48.33 adults at 30 DAT,
36.33 at 60 DAT and 16.00 adults by 90 DAT in air tight container. However, it was
397.00 adults at 30 DAT, 383.00 at 60 DAT and 349.66 at 90 DAT at 1:1 seed bead
ratios in cloth bag storage. Results indicated that maximum of 92.99 per cent reduction
was observed at 30 DAT, 94.07 per cent at 60 DAT and 96.15 per cent at 90 DAT was
observed in air tight container at 1:1 seed bead ratio while in cloth bag storage, the
corresponding values were 57.86, 58.21 and 60.24 per cent respectively. Hence, it can
be concluded that as seed bead ratio decreased, per cent adult emergence increased. To
achieve 50 per cent mortality, air tight container needs 1:0.3 seed bead ratio by 30
DAT, 1:0.5 by 60 and 90 days in cloth bag and 1:0.5 ratio at 30, 60 and 90 DAT.
Maximum loss of weight of damaged seeds i.e., 7.35 g and 11.25 g was
observed when seeds were stored without beads in air tight container and cloth bag,
respectively at 30 DAT. However, it was reduced to 0.41 g in air tight container and
2.79 g in cloth bag when seed bead ratio was 1:1. At 60 DAT, about 12.09 g of
damaged seeds in air tight container and 21.53 g in cloth bag were observed when no
beads were mixed with seed. However, when zeolite beads were used along with seed
during storage at 1:1 ratio, only 1.23 g in air tight container and 4.55 g in cloth bag
were observed as damaged seed. At 90 DAT, maximum of 16.07 g and 37.17 g of
damaged seed was observed in air tight container and cloth bag, respectively when no
beads were mixed with seeds. Seed bead ratio of 1:1 during storage has resulted in only
3.20 g of damaged seeds in air tight container and 7.65 g in cloth bag.
Studies made on the effect of zeolite beads on seed moisture revealed that the
initial moisture content of 13.43 was reduced to 9.26 per cent by 30 DAT, 7.69 per cent
by 60 DAT and 5.76 per cent by 90 DAT in air tight container. However, it was 13.62
per cent at 30, 14.06 per cent at 60 and 14.43 per cent at 90 DAT when no beads were
used in air tight container. Seeds stored in cloth bag has resulted in 10.45 per cent at 30,
11.59 per cent at 60 and 10.36 per cent at 90 days after mixing of beads with seeds at
1:1 ratio.
 
Date 2016-06-23T09:54:01Z
2016-06-23T09:54:01Z
2013
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67779
 
Language en
 
Relation D9440;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY