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RESPONSE OF LUCERNE TO IRRIGATION SCHEDULING, PHOSPHORUS AND BORON APPLICATION

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Title RESPONSE OF LUCERNE TO IRRIGATION SCHEDULING, PHOSPHORUS AND BORON APPLICATION
 
Creator MADHU BINDU, G. S
 
Contributor PRATAP KUMAR REDDY, A
 
Subject oils, genetics, rapd, dna, polymorphism, elaeis guineensis, genetic structures, yields, planting, fruits
 
Description The present study entitled “Response of Lucerne to irrigation scheduling,
phosphorus and boron application” was conducted at Students’ farm, College of
Agriculture, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad,
during rabi seasons of 2007-08 and 2008-09. The experiment was laid out in split plot
design with three replications. The treatments comprised of three irrigation levels at
IW/CPE ratios of 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25 as main plots and combinations of four
phosphorus levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 P2O5 kg ha-1) and two boron levels (0 and 4 kg B
ha-1) as sub plots. Irrigations as per the treatment were scheduled according to the
cumulative pan evaporation calculated based on evaporation data obtained from Class B
meteorological observatory at Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The recommended dose of
nitrogen to Lucerne (30 kg N ha-1) was applied in two splits at the time of sowing and
30 DAS. Phosphorus as per treatments and recommended potash (40 kg K2O ha-1) were
applied as basal. In case of boron treatment, 50% of the recommended B was applied as
basal to soil and the remaining 50 % was applied as 0.1 % foliar spray at four stages i.
e., at 35 DAS, 10 days after first cut, 10 days after second cut and at flower initiation
stage. The total rainfall received during the experimental period was 252.5 mm in 12
rainy days during 2007-08 and 23 mm in 3 rainy days during 2008-09. The weekly
mean maximum temperature ranged from 27.9 to 39.6 oC during 2007-08 and 26.9 to
41.4 oC during 2008-09, whereas the mean minimum temperature varied from 12.0 to
27.8 oC during 2007-08 and 12.0 to 26.7 oC during 2008-09.
The green fodder, dry fodder, crude protein and seed yields of Lucerne were
highest when irrigations were scheduled at 1.25 IW/CPE ratio. Irrigation at this level
brought about significant improvement in plant height and yield attributes viz., capsule
number plant-1 and capsule weight plant-1 of Lucerne. The dry matter content and the
uptake of N, P, K and B by Lucerne fodder and seed were also higher with irrigation at
1.25 IW/CPE ratio. Irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio was found comparable to 1.25
IW/CPE with respect to N and K uptake by Lucerne fodder and crude fiber content at all
the cuts. On the other hand, number of leaves plant-1, leaf to stem ratio and crude
protein content of Lucerne were highest with irrigation at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio.
The crop irrigated at 1.25 IW/CPE ratio received 19 and 22 irrigations in 2007-
08 and 2008-09, respectively. Whereas, a total of 15 and 17 irrigations at 1.0 IW/CPE
ratio and 11 and 13 irrigations at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio were given to the crop in first and
second years, respectively. The water use efficiency of the crop and moisture extraction
from lower layers was highest with irrigation at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio. Conversely, the
consumptive use of water and moisture extraction from the upper layers was high with
irrigations at 1.25 IW/CPE ratio.
Among the phosphorus levels, highest green fodder and seed yields with taller
plants, more number of capsules plant-1 and highest capsule weight plant-1 were
obtained when phosphorus was applied @ 80 kg P2O5 ha-1. Phosphorus application at
this level however was comparable to 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 with respect to dry matter
content, dry fodder yield, crude protein yield, nitrogen uptake and potassium uptake by
fodder. On the other hand, highest level of phosphorus @ 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 registered
highest crude protein content, crude fiber content, phosphorus and boron uptake by
fodder and seed and also soil nutrient status.
Application of boron @ 4 kg ha-1 has resulted in highest green fodder, dry
fodder, crude protein and seed yields with highest plant height, leaf to stem ratio,
capsule number plant-1, capsule weight plant-1, crude protein content, crude fiber
content, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status.
Irrigation scheduled at 1.25 IW/CPE ratio in combination with phosphorus @ 80
or 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 registered taller plants with higher green fodder, dry fodder, crude
protein and seed yields accounting to higher number of capsules plant-1 and capsule
weight plant-1. The above combination also had favorably improved the uptake of
nitrogen and potassium by fodder and seed at different cuts. Uptake of phosphorus by
fodder and seed and uptake of boron by seed were highest when irrigation was given at
1.25 IW/CPE ratio with 120 kg P2O5 ha-1. Contrary to this, application of phosphorus @
80 and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 with irrigations at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio improved the leaf number
and leaf to stem ratio. This combination also proved best with highest soil available
nutrients.
Application of phosphorus @ 80 and 4 kg P2O5 ha-1 improved the plant height
and enhanced the green fodder yield, number of capsules plant-1, capsule weight plant-1
and hence seed yield. The above treatment was found at par to 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 at the
same level of boron and registered highest values of dry fodder yield, dry matter
content, nitrogen and potassium uptake by fodder and seed. On the other hand,
application of 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 in combination with boron @ 4 kg ha-1 recorded highest
crude protein content, phosphorus and boron uptake by fodder and seed and soil
available nutrient status.
Fertilisation of Lucerne with boron @ 4 kg ha-1 with irrigation at 1.25 IW/CPE
ratio recorded highest green fodder yield, dry fodder yield, seed yield with highest
number of capsules plant-1, capsule weight plant-1 and dry matter content. Uptake of
boron by fodder and uptake of boron and nitrogen by seed also were highest with this
treatment. Conversely, application of boron with irrigation at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio
registered higher leaf to stem ratios and crude protein contents at different cuts.
Irrigation at 1.25 IW/CPE ratio in combination with 80 and 4 kg phosphorus and
boron, respectively was found best with highest plant height, dry matter content,
number of capsules plant-1, capsule weight plant-1 and seed yield. On the other hand,
soil available nitrogen was higher when irrigations were scheduled at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio
with phosphorus and boron fertilization @ 120 and 4 kg ha-1. Irrespective of boron
levels, crude protein content and soil available boron were highest with 0.75 IW/CPE
ratio with phosphorus fetilisation @ 120 kg ha-1.
Irrigations scheduled at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio with no phosphorus and no boron
application reported higher levels of nitrogen and potassium in the soil. The soil
phosphorus on the other hand was maximum at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio + 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 +
0 kg B ha-1. The net gain of boron was favoured by irrigation at 1.25 IW/CPE ratio in
association with boron @ 4 kg ha-1 even when no phosphorus was applied.
Scheduling irrigation at 1.25 IW/CPE ratio in combination with phosphorus and
boron fertilization @ 80 and 4 kg ha-1 proved best with highest gross and net returns
with a benefit cost ratio of 2.28 in 2007-08 and 2.43 in 2008-09 and was closely
followed by 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 at the same level of irrigation and boron with a benefit
cost ratio of 2.21 in 2007-08 and 2.33 in 2008-09.
 
Date 2016-06-07T10:22:36Z
2016-06-07T10:22:36Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66890
 
Language en
 
Relation D8825;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY