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EFFECT OF DIAZOTROPHS AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

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Title EFFECT OF DIAZOTROPHS AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
 
Creator Mal, Barnali
 
Contributor Mohapatra, P
 
Subject EFFECT OF DIAZOTROPHS AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
 
Description An experiment on Effect of diazotrophs and chemical fertilizers on growth,
yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) was conducted in the field site
allotted to All India Network Project on Biodiversity and Biofertilizers in the
campus of College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology
(OUAT), Bhubaneswar, during summer season of 2010 and 2011.
The objectives of the experiment were (i) To assess the effect of diazotrophs and
chemical fertilizers on okra in terms of growth, yield and quality of the fruit. (ii) To
study the influence of bio-inoculation and chemical fertilizer on nutrient uptake by
okra crop. (iii) To investigate the best INM treatment for better yield and soil health.
(iv) To evaluate the effect of integrated use of chemical fertilizer and diazotrophs on
the cost-benefit ratio of the crop.
Okra originated from tropical and subtropical Africa and is native to West Africa
(Tindal, 1983). The crop can easily be grown in wide range of soil from sandy to
clay. Minimum temperature for cultivation is 18ºC and maximum is 35ºC. The
application of organic manures not only produces the highest and sustainable crop
yield, but also improves the soil fertility and productivity. Okra is specially valued
for its tender and green fruits (Aung Kyi, 1996). However, to a limited extent it is
canned, dehydrated and preserved in frozen form.
The main challenge of India is to increase the production of quality food in a
sustainable manner. The concept of the integrated plant nutrient supply is to
maintenance or adjustment of soil fertility and of plant nutrient supply to an
optimum level for sustaining the desired crop productivity through optimization of
benefit from all possible sources of plant nutrients in an integrated manner (Roy and
Ange, 1991). Significant effect of bio-fertilizers was observed in vegetable
production with an increase to the extent of 10-40% and 8-36% when symbiotic and nonsymbiotic
nitrogen fixers were inoculated alone and along with PSB, respectively
(Pandey et al., 1989).
The maximum plant height, leaf area, number of nodes, fruit length, fruit girth,
single fruit weight and yield and minimum number of days required to emergence of
flower was found with the treatment receiving FYM@10 t ha-1 +100% NPK, with
vermicompost @5 t ha-1 along with biofertilizers. Application of higher dose of
integrated fertilizers increased the fruit yield of okra Cv Mahyco-10 considerably, where
the yield varied between 80.00 q ha-1 to 227.13 q ha-1 and 80.49 q ha-1 to 229. 62 q ha-1 in
2010 and 2011 respectively. In Utkal Gaurav the fruit yield varied between 47.68 q ha-1 to
129.84 q ha-1 in 2010 and 47.27 q ha-1 to 131.35 q ha-1 in 2011.
So far the uptake of nutrients in the present investigation are concerned, okra
treated with FYM@10 t ha-1 + 100% NPK, with vermicompost @5 t ha-1 in presence of
biofertilizers. Chemical fertilizers integrated with vermicompost and bioinoculants
could maintain higher level of different nutrients till the harvest of crop which
resulted in higher uptake of N (82.24 and 83.34 kg ha-1), P (29.31 and 28.94 kg ha-1)
and K (85.26 and 87.55 kg ha-1) in 2010 and 2011 respectively as compared to lowest
level of N (23.79 and 26.46 kg ha-1), P (9.48 and 9.02 kg ha-1) and (40.29 and 38.55 kg
ha-1) uptake in control where only FYM (10 t ha-1) was applied in Mahyco-10 variety
of okra. Similarly in Utkal Gaurav, the higher uptake of NPK was found with
integrated use of FYM@10 t ha-1 + 100% NPK, vermicompost 5 t ha-1 along with
biofertilizers and the lowest uptake with control. Such integrated application of
nutrients resulted in better quality of okra in terms of crude protein and ascorbic acid.
As regards the net return is concerned, the highest net profit of ‘ 87,630 and
‘ 89,370 ha-1 from the okra after an investment of ‘ 71,360 ha-1 with a benefit-cost
ratio of 2.23 and 2.25 with FYM@10 t ha-1 + 100% NPK integrated with vermicompost
@5t ha-1 and biofertilizers. Growing of okra crop with recommended dose of NPK,
vermicompost and biofertilizers increased the potential yield of okra as compared to
sole application of inorganic fertilizers and in control.
The experiments suggest that instead of increasing the level of chemical
fertilizer to receive maximum yield potentiality of high-yielding variety Mahyco-10
and open-pollinated variety Utkal Gaurav supplemented by application of
vermicompost along with bioinoculants improved the yield, yield-attributing
characters and quality of the fruits.
 
Date 2016-12-22T10:53:06Z
2016-12-22T10:53:06Z
2013
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/92071
 
Language en
 
Relation Th;4099
 
Format application/pdf