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INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AND INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RABI MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

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Title INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AND INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RABI MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
 
Creator ZOHMINGLIANA, KENNY
 
Contributor HUSSAIN, S.A.
 
Subject irrigation, maize, yields, irrigation scheduling, planting, grain, nutrients, farmyard manure, crops, diseases
 
Description The experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2011 – 2012 at the College
Farm, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. The treatments
consisted of four irrigation schedules viz., I1 (Critical stages approach), I2 (0.8 IW/CPE), I3
(1.0 IW/CPE) and I4 (1.2 IW/CPE) and three integrated nutrient management proportion
viz., N1 (100% RDN inorganic), N2 (75% RDN inorganic + 25% FYM), N3 (50% RDN
inorganic + 50% FYM summing up to 12 treatment combinations laid out in Split plot
design with three replications. The crop was planted on 24th October 2011. The
experimental soil was sandy loam in texture and alkaline in soil reaction (pH 7.8) and
recorded 0.21 dS m-1 electrical conductivity. The soil was low in available nitrogen (226
kg N ha-1) and available phosphorus (18.5 kg P2O5 ha-1) and medium in available
potassium (235 kg K2O ha-1).
Growth parameters viz., plant height, leaf area index and dry matter production
were measured/ determined at periodical intervals. Likewise yield attributes viz., no. cobs
plant-1, cob length, cob girth, no. of grains cob-1, test weight (1000-grain weight), grain
yield, strover yield and harvest index were measured at harvest. Nutrient (NPK) uptake
was estimated at harvest both in grain and straw and expressed as total NPK uptake. Also,
the seasonal water use and the crop coefficient were also determined.
Regarding growth traits, a significant effect of irrigation scheduling on plant height
was observed only at 90 DAS where I3 (1.0 IW/CPE) gave superior performance; LAI was
highest with I3 (1.0 IW/CPE); and dry matter production was highest under I3 (1.0
IW/CPE) and I4 (1.2 IW/CPE) in comparison to other treatments. Each increment in the
proportionate doses of RDN through inorganic significantly increased the plant height, leaf
area index and dry matter production in the order N1, N2 and N3 treatments, respectively.
Further concerning yield attributes, I4 (1.2 IW/CPE) and I3 (1.0 IW/CPE) registered
statistically on par but superior performance in terms no. of cobs plant-1, but in terms of
cob length, I3 recorded the longest cob which was on par with I2 (0.8 IW/CPE).
Concerning no. of grains cob-1 and test weight, I3 (1.0 IW/CPE) gave superior performance
in comparison to other treatments. Irrigation scheduling failed to show a significant effect
in terms if cob girth. Each increment in the proportionate doses of RDN through inorganic
significantly increased the no. of cobs plant-1, cob length, cob girth, grains cob-1 and test
weight over its lower proportionate doses of RDN and with the increased replacement
through FYM.
Irrigation scheduled at 1.0 IW/CPE (I3) produced significantly higher grain and
stover yield of rabi maize but it was on par with 1.0 IW/CPE (I4) owing to improved
growth and yield traits. Considering an interaction effect between irrigation scheduling and
integrated nutrient management, a significant higher grain and stover yield was obtained
under I3N1 treatment. Each increment in the proportionate doses of RDN through inorganic
significantly increased the grain and stover yield over its lower proportionate doses of
RDN and with the increased replacement through FYM owing to improved growth and
yield traits.
Among irrigation schedules, N and P uptake was more by I3 (1.0 IW/CPE) whereas
K uptake was more with I4 (1.2 IW/CPE). Each increment in the proportionate doses of
RDN through inorganic increased N and P uptake, but in case of K, uptake increases from
N3 to N2 and later decreases to N1 treatment.
Water use efficiency decreased with each higher frequency of irrigation from I1 to
I4 treatments. Concerning INM, with every increased substitution of RDN (inorganic) with
organic source (FYM) i.e. from N1 to N3, water use efficiency increases in which N3 (50%
RDN + 50% FYM) treatment achieved highest water use efficiency. Irrigation scheduling
at highest level i.e. 1.2 IW/CPE ratio required more water compared to other lower level.
The lowest water use was recorded under irrigation scheduled according to critical stage
approach. Each increment in the proportionate doses of RDN through inorganic required
more water.
Irrigation scheduling through 1.2 IW/CPE ratio resulted in higher crop coefficient
value at each crop growth stages viz., early vegetative, vegetative, tasseling, silking and
milking and dough and physiological maturity stages, respectively. The peak crop
coefficient was achieved during mid season stage followed by development stage owing to
more water loss through transpiring surface.
 
Date 2016-06-13T11:48:52Z
2016-06-13T11:48:52Z
2012
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67245
 
Language en
 
Relation D9101;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY