EFFECT OF IRRIGATION, MULCHES AND ANTITRANSPIRANT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUMMER PEARLMILLET (Pennisetum glaucum L.) UNDER SOUTH SAURASTRACONDITIONS
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Title |
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION, MULCHES AND ANTITRANSPIRANT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUMMER PEARLMILLET (Pennisetum glaucum L.) UNDER SOUTH SAURASTRACONDITIONS
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Creator |
KACHHADIYA SURESHKUMAR PURUSHOTAMDAS
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Contributor |
JADAV K. V.
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Subject |
irrigation
AGRONOMY |
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Description |
A field experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during the summer season of the years 2007 and 2008 on Medium Black soil with a view to study the effect of irrigation, mulches and antitranspirant on growth and yield of summer pearlmillet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) under south saurastra conditions. The soils of the experimental site was free from any kind of salinity or sodicity hazards, low in organic carbon, available nitrogen, and phosphorus and high in potassium. There were 18 treatment combinations comprising of three levels, each of irrigation schedules (0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 IW : CPE ratios) and mulches (Control, Wheat cut straw @ 5 t ha-1 and Groundnut shell) and two levels of antitranspirant (Control i.e. water spray and 6 % Kaolin spray at 20 and 50 DAS) embedded in a split-split plot design with four replications. The results of the present investigation indicated that most of the growth attributes measured in terms of plant height (at 30, 45, 60 DAS and at harvest) and leaf area index (at 30 and 60 DAS and at harvest) showed significant improvement due to irrigation scheduling. Highest values of these attributes were obtained, when the crop was irrigated at 1.0 and 0.8 IW : CPE ratios having statistical equivalent with each other. Similarly, irrigation scheduling at 1.0 and 0.8 IW : CPE ratio remained comparable and exhibited significantly higher values of yield components viz., effective tillers plant-1, length and girth of earhead as well as grain weight plant-1 and test weight. Contrarily, number of non effective tillers plant-1 at harvest was also reduced under higher irrigation levels. The significantly higher pearlmillet grain (5044 kg ha-1) and dry fodder (8212 kg ha-1) yields were obtained under 1.0 IW : CPE ratio, though it was at par with 0.8 IW : CPE ratio. Harvest index was not affected significantly due to different irrigation levels. Protein content of pearlmillet grain was also increased significantly with increase in irrigation levels from 0.6 to 1.0 IW : CPE ratio. Similar trend was also obtained in consumptive use of water. In case of water use efficiency, it was obtained higher under irrigation scheduling at 0.6 IW : CPE ratio. With regard to effect of different mulches on summer pearlmillet, most of the growth parameters studied during the course of investigation such as plant height (at 30, 45, 60 DAS and at harvest) and leaf area index (at 30 and 60 DAS and at harvest) were significantly improved either due to groundnut shell or wheat cut straw wherein, former mulch recorded higher values for plant height and leaf area index for summer pearlmillet. The yield components viz., effective tillers plant-1, length and girth of earhead, grain weight plant-1 and test weight were noted significantly higher under groundnut shell mulch and wheat cut straw mulch over control. Significantly higher grain (4963 kg ha-1) and dry fodder (8148 kg ha-1) yields were obtained under applying groundnut shell mulch, which was found statistically at par with an application of wheat cut straw mulch. However, harvest index and quality character such as protein content of pearlmillet grain remained unaffected due to an application of different mulches. Application of groundnut shell mulch increased the consumptive use of water and water use efficiency over control, while, application of wheat cut straw also enabled to increase consumptive use of water and water use efficiency over control. The effect of antitranspirant was also found significant in almost all the growth and yield attributes studied during the course of investigation, wherein, 6 % kaolin spray showed significant improvement over control (water spray). However, plant population (at 20 DAS and at harvest), number of non effective tillers plant-1 at harvest and harvest index did not differ significantly due to 6 % kaolin spray. The significantly maximum grain (4922 kg ha-1) and dry fodder (8004 kg ha-1) yields were obtained due to 6 % kaolin spray than control (water spray) treatment. Protein content in pearlmillet grain was not affected significantly due to 6 % kaolin spray over control. More or less, consumptive use of water and water use efficiency were also increased due to 6 % kaolin spray. The treatment combination I2M2, I3M1 and I3M2 during 2007 and I3M2 during the year 2008 recorded significantly higher grain yield over rest of the treatment combinations. Length of ear head was also observed higher under I3AT1 (irrigation at 1.0 IW : CPE ratio along with 6% kaolin spray at 20 and 50 DAS) during the year 2007 and pooled results. The correlation study on pooled basis indicated that grain yield had highly significant positive correlation with almost all the growth and yield attributes and quality traits except, plant population and number of non effective tillers plant-1 at harvest. Irrigation scheduled at 1.0 IW : CPE ratio (I3) registered the highest net realization (Rs. 32992 ha-1), CBR (1 : 3.52) and net CBR (1 : 2.52) values, while, irrigation at 0.6 IW : CPE ratio (I1) accrued the lowest net realization of Rs. 27116 ha-1 with the lowest values of CBR and net CBR (1 : 3.27 and 1 : 2.27, respectively). The highest net return of Rs. 33680 ha-1 with the CBR and net CBR values of 1 : 3.88 and 1 : 2.88, respectively accrued under the treatment M2 (Groundnut shell mulch). An application of 6 % kaolin spray (AT1) resulted in higher net realization by recording the values of 31978 Rs ha-1 but the values of 1 : 3.47 and 1 : 2.47 CBR and net CBR were low as compared to control (water spray) i.e. 1 : 4.13 and 1 : 3.13, respectively. In nut shell it could be concluded from the results obtained under this investigation for two consecutive year that for securing the highest grain and fodder yield as well as net profit from summer pearlmillet GHB-558 gown under South-Saurashtra Agro-climatic condition on Medium black soil may be provided as surface irrigation each of 50 mm depth to be scheduled at 1.0 IW: CPE ratio along with groundnut shell mulch or wheat cut straw mulch and crop should be sprayed with 6 % Kaolin at 20 and 50 DAS. |
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Date |
2016-09-20T18:04:46Z
2016-09-20T18:04:46Z 2009-05 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/77821
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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