Productivity, quality and soil health of rice-(Oryza sativa L.) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system in relation to long term integrated nutrient management
KrishiKosh
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Title |
Productivity, quality and soil health of rice-(Oryza sativa L.) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system in relation to long term integrated nutrient management
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Creator |
Sandhu, Parminder Singh
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Contributor |
Walia, S.S.
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Subject |
Rice-wheat cropping system, FYM, Green manuring, Wheat cut straw, Integrated nutrient management and Soil health
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Description |
The present studies “Productivity, quality and soil health of rice-(Oryza sativa L.) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system in relation to long term integrated nutrient management” was carried out at Students’ Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during kharif and rabi seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15 on sandy loam soil with pH (7.14), low in available N (171.0 kg ha-1) and available K (104.0 kg ha-1) and medium in available P (21.4 kg ha-1). The productivity was significantly influenced by the treatments where chemical fertilizers were supplemented with organic manures. The highest rice grain yield (72.8 q ha-1) was obtained where 25 per cent N was applied through green manure along with 75 per cent recommended NPK through chemical fertilizers. Green manuring and FYM application helped to save 50 per cent nitrogen and simultaneously produced higher grain yield over the recommended fertilizer treatments. The highest wheat yield was obtained in plots where preceding crop received 100% NPK + 50% N through FYM (T12), which was 8.94 per cent higher over 100% recommended NPK. Improvement in quality of rice (milling quality, L:B ratio and per cent broken etc) and wheat (sedimentation value, wet and dry gluten, β-carotene etc) was observed with the application of organic manures along with the inorganic fertilizers due to continuous supply of nutrients to crops by organic sources. There was reduction in bulk density and soil strength but the infiltration rate and water retention increased with the use of organic manures along with chemical fertilizers. The highest C sequestration rate over the 3 decades was found in T6 (0.29 Mg C ha-1 year-1) as compared to chemically fertilized plots T5 (0.13 Mg C ha-1 year-1). Labile C was also increased under organically treated plots. The highest organic carbon (%) build up (0.58 per cent) has accrued where 50 per cent N was applied through FYM. The nitrogen status of the soil was also found to be maximum (242.3 kg ha-1) in treatment T10 (50 % recommended levels of fertilizers + 50 % N as green manuring) followed by T6 (230 kg ha-1). There was increase in nitrate and ammonical nitrogen in the FYM, GM and WCS treated plots as compared to control and chemical fertilizers. Micronutrient content of the soil in organically fertilized treatments was found to be higher in comparison to control and chemical fertilizers. Soil health was also found to be improved when organic manures were applied along with inorganic fertilizers and it was found that the highest microbial count of bacteria and fungi was observed in treatment T8, while highest actinomycetes population was observed in treatment T6. Among the various soil enzymes the highest activity of urease (188.6 µg g-1 of soil hour-1), dehydrogenase (258.5 µg TPF g-1 of soil hour-1) and phosphatase (39.7 µg pNP g-1 of soil hour-1) was observed in T12 treatment.
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Date |
2016-08-19T14:23:35Z
2016-08-19T14:23:35Z 2016 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/73043
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
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