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BIOLOGY, PREDATION EFFICIENCY AND PESTICIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF COCCINELLID PREDATOR, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (COCCINELLIDAE: COLEOPTERA) ON COWPEA

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Title BIOLOGY, PREDATION EFFICIENCY AND PESTICIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF COCCINELLID PREDATOR, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (COCCINELLIDAE: COLEOPTERA) ON COWPEA
 
Creator LALITHAMBIKA, K.R
 
Contributor RAJENDRA PRASAD, P
 
Subject animal developmental stages, biological phenomena, eggs, sexual reproduction, developmental stages, toxicity, insecticides, predators, pesticides, diseases
 
Description Studies on the biology, predator potential and pesticide susceptibility of coccinellid predator C. sexmaculata were carried out at S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, during 2011 to 2012.
Different morphotypes were observed based on the colour variations of the adult beetle. Coccinellid beetle was found to complete its life cycle with four different stages viz., egg, grub, pupa and adult. All mated females were observed to laid about a minimum of 161.25±11.01 to a maximum of 200.25±4.97 eggs during the life span of adult females. The average length of the eggs of each morphotype was varied in between 1.03±0.03 mm to 1.08±0.02, and whereas the average breadth of the egg were varied from 0.37±0.01 to 0.43±0.01mm respectively. The average incubation period of the egg ranged from 1.92±0.13 days to 2.35±0.26 days in all the morphotypes, whereas the hatching percentage of eggs was varied in between 82.92 to 89.71 in all the morphotypes.
The grubs passed through four distinct instars and average duration of each instar in each morphotype was 7.25±1.25, 8.25±1.25, 7.50±1.00, 7.75±1.25 and 7.00±1.50 days. Of all the four instars in all the morphotypes,
xv
final instar consumed a large number of aphids than the previous early instars. Prepupal stage was observed for a period of less than 24 hours before the pupal stage. The average length of the pupa varied from 3.75±0.11 to 4.05±0.07 mm, while the breadth varied from 2.67±0.11 to 2.87±0.09 mm in all the morphotypes. The pupal stage lasted for an average minimum period of 2.71±0.10 to maximum of 2.86±0.18 days.
The body size of female (5.17±0.04 to 5.40±0.04 (length) and 4.13±0.03 to 4.36±0.36 mm (breadth)) was bigger than the body size of the male (4.23±0.03 to 4.50±0.05 (length) and 3.95±0.05 to 4.03±0.88 mm (breadth)). The mean pre-oviposition ranged from 1.10±0.10 to 1.50±0.16 days, oviposition ranged from 9.00±0.41 to 11.0±0.40 days and post oviposition periods ranged from 3.25±0.25 to 3.50±0.29 days, respectively. Females (15.0 to 19.0 days) lived for a longer period than males (13.0 to 17.0 days). The total life cycle of male (21.0 to 25.0 days) was completed earlier than the females (25.0 to 29.0). Sex ratio was high in field collected (1:1.42 to 1:1.67) than the laboratory reared beetles (1:1.10 to 1:1.50) and proved that the female population dominated the male population
Adults consumed a total number of aphids (599.3±33.3 aphids) than the grubs (290.0±22.0 aphids) and among all the instars, final instar (193.57±3.82 aphids) consumed greater number of aphids than the previous early instars.
Carbaryl, alone or in association with calixin, was found to be highly toxic to adults which resulted in 81.67 and 91.67 per cent mortality after the application followed by quinalphos with 66.67 and 81.66 per cent which was on par with the carbaryl in mortality factor. The insecticides like acephate and imidacloprid were less susceptible to the adults of C. sexmaculata alone or in combination with fungicides resulted in mortality range of 31.66 to 51.65 per cent whereas for the grubs the per cent mortality range was 16.67 to 35.00. The profenophos was moderately susceptible to the adults and grubs (36.67 to 60.00 per cent). Thus, the contact insecticides resulted in higher mortality than systemic insecticides and fungicides. Fungicides like calixin, when used alone, resulted in 13.30 per cent of adult mortality and 0.00 per cent mortality of grubs. Besides to this, carbendazim showed nil mortality to the adults and grubs of C. sexmaculata. When insecticide and fungicide combined, the mortality was mainly due to the insecticide instead of the fungicide. Fungicides have lower impact over the adult beetles and grubs of C. sexmaculata
 
Date 2016-06-17T09:59:16Z
2016-06-17T09:59:16Z
2012
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67493
 
Language en
 
Relation D9350;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY