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Character association and selection indices in Italian millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv]

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Title Character association and selection indices in Italian millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv]
 
Creator LAKSHMI PRASANNA, P
 
Contributor SAMBA MURTHY, J.S.V
 
Subject indices, Italian, millet
 
Description The present investigation was carried out separately during two consecutive
seasons of 2008-2009, namely kharif 2008 and rabi 2009 at Agricultural College
Farm, Bapatla, with 18 Indian and 34 exotic genotypes of Italian millet [Setaria
italica (L.) Beauv] procured from collections maintained at All India Co-ordinated
Small Millets Improvement Project (AICSMIP), Bengaluru. Nature and extent of
variability, heritability, genetic advance, selection indices, character association and
the magnitude of direct and indirect effects of yield components on yield were studied
for thirteen characters viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to maturity,
number of productive tillers per plant, flag leaf area, ear length, ear weight, straw
weight, 1000 grain weight, carotene, crude protein percent, calcium content and grain
yield per plant.
The analysis of variance indicated significant differences among Indian and
exotic genotypes for all the characters during kharif 2008 and rabi 2009 indicating
substantial variability among the two groups of genotypes during both the seasons.
The study of Indian genotypes during kharif 2008 revealed positive significant
correlation of days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of productive tillers per
plant, flag leaf area, ear length, ear weight, straw weight and protein content with
grain yield per plant and improvement of grain yield may be possible if these traits
are considered in the selection programme.
The study of Indian genotypes during rabi 2009 revealed positive significant
correlation of days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to maturity, number of
productive tillers per plant, ear weight, straw weight and 1000 grain weight with grain
yield per plant and improvement of grain yield may be possible if the above traits are
considered in the selection programme.
The study of exotic genotypes during kharif 2008 revealed positive significant
correlation of days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to maturity, number of
productive tillers per plant, ear length ,ear weight and straw weight with grain yield
per plant and improvement of grain yield may be possible if these traits are considered
in the selection programme.
The study of exotic genotypes during rabi 2009 revealed positive significant
correlation of days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to maturity, number of
productive tillers, flag leaf area, ear length, ear weight, straw weight and 1000 grain
weight with grain yield per plant and improvement of grain yield may be possible if
these traits are considered in the selection programme.
The association of protein content and calcium content with grain yield is
negative in all the four groups, while with carotene is negative in both Indian and
exotic groups during kharif only. Simultaneous improvement of these two traits is not
possible so we have to strike a balance among the attributes to find out an acceptable
level of the characters under improvement.
The study of Indian genotypes indicated that direct selection based on the
traits, number of productive tillers per plant and ear weight during kharif where as in
rabi days to maturity and ear weight are effective as the association and direct effects
were positive for these traits.
The study of exotic genotypes indicated that direct selection based on the
characters, number productive tillers per plant during kharif where as in rabi ear
weight and straw weight are effective as the association and direct effects were
positive for these traits during both the seasons.
The results of classical selection indices indicated that in Indian genotypes GS
448, GS 444, GS 442, and GS 449 for kharif and GS 440, GS 450, GS 451 and GS
448 for rabi are to be preferred. In case of Exotic group of genotypes, GS 462, GS
489 and GS 488 for kharif and GS 462, GS 463 and GS 458 for rabi are to be
favoured.
In general, the indices, which include more than one character, gave high
genetic advance in all the four groups suggesting the utility of selection index for
simultaneous improvement of several characters.
Studies on genetic advance and relative efficiencies of indices indicated that in
Indian genotypes, eight characters i.e. grain yield per plant, days to 50% flowering ,
plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, ear length, ear weight, crude
protein content and calcium content during kharif where as nine characters i.e. grain
yield per plant, days to 50% flowering , plant height, number of productive tillers per
plant, ear length, ear weight, 1000 grain weight, crude protein content and calcium
content during rabi together formed efficient selection indices and these traits may be
given due weightage for simultaneous improvement in the respective groups.
In case of exotic genotypes, eight characters i.e. grain yield per plant, days to
50% flowering, plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, ear weight,
carotene, 1000 grain weight and crude protein content during kharif where as nine
characters i.e. grain yield per plant, days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of
productive tillers per plant, ear length, ear weight, 1000 grain weight, crude protein
content and calcium content during rabi together formed efficient selection indices
and these traits may be useful for simultaneous improvement in the respective groups.
It was observed that inclusion of characters one by one in the function gave
fluctuating changes in the value of genetic advance and relative efficiencies over yield
in all the four groups.
The restricted selection indices indicated that by restricting the quality
parameters both in Indian and exotic genotypes the genetic enhancement of grain
yield per plant can be improved both in kharif and rabi seasons. So while aiming for
genetic enhancement of yield, we have to strike a balance between yield and quality
parameters as they constitute staple food of poor people.
The study of general selection indices in the four groups indicated that
character behavior differed widely in all the four groups and suggested that separate
selection models should be made for each group. However, in the study of the pool
with Indian kharif group and Indian rabi group the prime importance should be given
to number of productive tillers per plant, ear length, 1000 grain weight and ear
weight while making selection. The study of pool with Indian kharif group and exotic
kharif group revealed that prime importance should be given to number of productive
tillers per plant, ear length and straw weight while making selection. The study of
pool with Indian rabi group and exotic rabi group indicated that prime importance
should be given to ear weight, number of productive tillers per plant and ear length
while making selection. The study of pool with exotic kharif group and exotic rabi
disclosed that prime importance should be given to ear weight, number of productive
tillers per plant and ear length while making selection. When both Indian and exotic
genotypes were considered together major emphasis should be given to number of
productive tillers per plant, ear weight, ear length and plant height during both kharif
and rabi seasons.
Thus, the present study revealed that the major emphasis should be laid on
selection process with increased number productive tillers per plant coupled with
more ear weight and ear length while aiming for improvement of Indian and exotic
genotypes of Italian millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.]
 
Date 2016-06-29T15:39:44Z
2016-06-29T15:39:44Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/68274
 
Language en
 
Relation D9058;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY