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Characterization of rhizobacteria for plant growth promotion and antagonism against phytopathogens of chickpea

KrishiKosh

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Title Characterization of rhizobacteria for plant growth promotion and antagonism against phytopathogens of chickpea
 
Creator Poonam Kumari
 
Contributor Khanna, Veena
 
Subject bacteria, planting, biological development, productivity, fungi, biochemical compounds, enzymes, vegetative propagation, diseases, chickpeas
 
Description A total of 174 rhizobacterial isolates from 36 chickpea rhizospheric soil samples were evaluated for their antagonistic potential against Fusarium oxysporum sp. ciceris and Rhizoctonia bataticola. Twenty-nine isolates (13 from Kings B and 16 from Nutrient agar media) which inhibited growth of both Fusarium oxysporum (20.2-48%) and Rhizoctonia bataticola (22.5-36.2%) were characterized and evaluated for antagonistic and plant growth promotion traits. The role of antimetabolites in antagonistic activity was assessed with regards to specific conditions and inhibition in mycelial proliferation of both the test fungi was observed due to culture filtrate antibiosis, diffusible metabolites, autoclaved culture filtrate, membrane sterilized culture filtrate and volatile antimetabolites. Screening for production of allelochemicals revealed that 13 of the isolates produced siderophore (15.3-116.4 μg/ml), 8 HCN, 28 salicylic acid and ammonia, 7 chitinase, 28 protease while all were positive for amylase and β-1,4-D-glucanase production. Culture filtrates of rhizobacterial antagonists offered fungistatic effect on spores of Fusarium oxysporum and inhibited conidial germination up to 95.7% besides delaying germination and reducing germ tube length. Scanning electron microscopy of the fungus interacting with bacterial antagonist revealed intumescent hyphae with irregular cell surface morphology and sparse fungal growth. Sixteen isolates exhibited P-solubilization ability (0.33-2.33), 26 ACC-deaminase activity and all tested positive for gibberellic acid (11.2-36.3 μg/ml) and IAA production (9.9-45.7μg/ml). Potent isolates were found to produce flavonoid-like compounds and seed bacterization induced the secretion of flavonoids from chickpea seedlings. Seed bacterization with Ps14c and B-I alone and in consortium with Mesorhizobium ciceris offered protection against fusarium wilt under controlled glass house condition besides stimulating plant growth. Time course analysis for the induction of defense related enzymes and PR proteins showed higher accumulation of phenols, PO, PPO, PAL and total proteins in bacterized (pathogen challenged) chickpea roots as compared to only bacterized plants. Rhizobacterial isolates also exhibited characteristics related to competence such as biofilm formation, salt tolerance, EPS production, amylase production and root infectivity.
 
Date 2016-04-18T15:01:11Z
2016-04-18T15:01:11Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65479
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher PAU