Record Details

STUDIES ON HIGH DENSITY PLANTING, FERTIGATION AND POSTHARVEST CHEMICAL TREATMENTS IN BANANA (Musa acuminata L.) cv. GRAND NAINE

KrishiKosh

View Archive Info
 
 
Field Value
 
Title STUDIES ON HIGH DENSITY PLANTING, FERTIGATION AND POSTHARVEST CHEMICAL TREATMENTS IN BANANA (Musa acuminata L.) cv. GRAND NAINE
 
Creator M. HANUMAN NAIK
 
Contributor Dr. K. VANAJALATHA
 
Subject high density planting, fertigation , postharvest chemical treatments ,growth, yield and quality
 
Description The present investigation “Studies on high density planting, fertigation and postharvest chemical treatments in banana (Musa acuminata L.) cv. Grand Naine” was carried in two experiments, field experiment of main and ratoon crop followed by postharvest research during 2013-14 and 2014-15 at Horticultural Research Station, Aswaraopet, Khammam Dist. The main objectives of the research was to study the influence of high density planting (HDP) and fertigation on growth, yield and quality attributes of banana cv. Grand Naine along with postharvest research to evaluate different postharvest chemicals and packaging material on shelf life and quality under ambient conditions.
The investigation was conducted by planting tissue culture banana plant at three spacing levels viz., S1-1.8x1.8 m (3086 plants/ha), S2 -2.0x1.25x1.25 m (4414 plants/ha) S3- 2.5x1.25x1.25 m (3657 plants/ha) and three fertigation levels viz., F1-100 per cent, 75 per cent and 50 per cent RDF and postharvest experiment was carried by using different chemicals like ascorbic acid (AA) 1- methyl cyclo propene (1-MCP), Gibberellic acid (GA3) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) with and without packing in polythene cover.
In the present study, plant density and fertigation influenced growth, yield and quality attributes of banana main crop. The highest pseudostem height (234.51 and 233.51 cm) at shooting stage was recorded in S2 (HDP) and F1 and their interactions compared to other treatments. However, the highest pseudostem girth (66.99 and 65.64 cm), number of suckers (8.33 and 7.33), number of leaves (32.59 and 34.36), green leaves per plant (14.02 and 14.11) and leaf area (12.68 and 12.11 cm2) at shooting stage was noticed in S1 and F1 and their interactions. The least number of days taken for shooting to harvest (96.25 and 96.13) was recorded in S1 and F1. The lowest (319.56 and 326.30 days) crop duration was registered in S1 and F1 and highest (343.87 and 333.70 days) was noticed in S2 and F2. The leaf area index (LAI) was highest (3.91) in S1 (wider spacing) compared to S2 (HDP) in main crop.
The fruit characters significantly influenced by planting densities and fertigation levels in main crop. The highest bunch weight (28.24 and 30.36 kg), number of hands (11.02 and 10.93), number of fingers in second hand (19.29 and 18.52), fruit length (23.70 and 23.42 cm) and fruit girth (13.29 to 13.19 cm) were recorded in S1 (3056 plants/ha) and F1 treatments. The high density planting (S2) and lower levels of fertigation (50 per cent RDF) registered lowest values. The yield differed significantly, recording highest (92.79 and 89.87 t/ha) in S2 and F1 respectively. In interaction between spacing and fertigation, the highest (103.81 t/ha) yield was noticed in S2xF1 compared to other interaction levels.
The TSS, sugars and ascorbic acid content of the fruits from main crop were not significantly influenced by fertigation and plant densities. However, the highest titrable acidity was registered in F3 (0.57 per cent) and S2 (0.59 per cent) and highest shelf life of the fruits in F1 (8.92 days) and S1 (9.21 days). The post harvest chemical treatments significantly influenced the physical parameters of banana fruits in main crop. The lowest PLW (2.41 per cent), spoilage (9.62 per cent), pulp to peel ratio (1.57), slowest colour change (1.62), highest firmness (3.57 kg/cm2), shelf life (28.19 days) and organoleptic score (2.50) was recorded in T6 (1-mcp 100 ppb + pc), which was followed by T4. However, the lowest (9.02 days) shelf life was registered in T11 (Control), which was on par with T10 (10.10 days). In fruit quality, the lowest TSS (9.64 0Brix), titrable acidity (0.33 per cent) and total sugars (8.09 per cent) was recorded in T6 and highest values were registered in T11 (Control). The highest (10.53 mg/100 g) AA content was recorded in T4 and lowest (8.57 mg/100 g) in T11.
The growth parameters of ratoon crop significantly influenced by plant densities and fertigation levels. The highest (211.88 cm), pseudostem height at shooting stage was recorded in F1 and S2 (222.30 cm) compared to other treatments. In the present study, except pseudostem height, all growth parameters were highest in wider spacing (S1) compared to high density planting (S2). The crop duration was lowest (284.63 and 291.56 days) in F1 and S1. However, the lower levels of fertigation and high density planting (S2) recorded longest crop duration. At shooting the highest (2.60 and 2.91) leaf area index was recorded in F1 and S1 as observed in main crop. The highest bunch weight (27.49 and 26.50 kg) was recorded in F1 and S1 compared to high density planting and lower fertigation levels. However, superior yield (89.74 and 81.64 t/ha) was recorded in S2 and F1 treatments and their interaction effect too resulted in highest (96.14 t/ha) yield in ratoon crop as like main crop.
The plant densities and fertigation levels did not influence statistically on total soluble solids and ascorbic acid content of fruits in ratoon crop. However, highest (6.55 and 6.50 per cent) reducing sugars and total sugars (11.89 and 12.24 per cent) were registered in F1 and S1. The longest shelf life (9.43 days) was recorded in S1. All physical and quality parameters significantly influenced by treatments, with best results with T6 (1-mcp 100 ppb + pc) followed by T4 and the lowest results were recorded in T11 (control). The shortest (9.08) storage life was noticed in T11 (untreated fruits). The physical parameters steadily increased during the storage period. In the best treatment (T6) the peak spoilage was recorded on 28th day compared to other treatments. Similarly, over all acceptability with good flavor, appearance and taste was noticed in T6, which was on par with T8 (2.27) but, the lowest (1.02) was registred in T11 (control). The quality parameters gradually increased during the shelf life period up to climacteric stage and thereafter declined towards senescence of fruits. The peak values were noticed on 21st day of storage life in T6 and 15th day in T4 and very early in untreated fruits i.e., on 9th day. Whereas, ascorbic acid content decreased steadily up to end of shelf life, in the present study.
From the present study, it can be concluded that, the high density planting system- S2 - 2.0x1.25x1.25 m spacing with F1-100 per cent RDF fertigation gave higher yields compared to other treatments both in main and ratoon crop. However, from both the crops the cumulative effect of cost of cultivation resulted in highest B:C ratio (5.61) in high density planting S2 with lower level of fertigation. Hence, it was more beneficial to earn profitable returns by adopting HDP (S2) with 50 % RDF in banana cv. Grand Naine. In postharvest studies, the treatment 1-mcp 100 ppb + PC (T6) recorded significantly, highest shelf life of 28 days compared to other chemicals. The fruits treated with GA3, AA and packed in polythene cover with five per cent maintained quality and shelf life for longer period of time compared to unpacked fruits in both the seasons.
 
Date 2016-07-26T12:50:49Z
2016-07-26T12:50:49Z
2016-03
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/69909
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Dr. Y.S.R. HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY