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RESPONSE OF RICE VARIETIES TO PLANTING METHODS UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION

KrishiKosh

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Field Value
 
Title RESPONSE OF RICE VARIETIES TO PLANTING METHODS UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION
M.Sc.
 
Creator BASAVARAJ R. PUJARI
 
Contributor Manoj Khanna
 
Subject irrigation, rice, yields, planting, grain, trickle irrigation, sowing, planting equipment, land resources, planting methods
 
Description As the demand for water for domestic, municipal, industrial and
environmental purposes rise in the future, less and less water would be available for
irrigation. Water availability for agriculture in India which is 83.3% of total water
used today, will shrink to 71.6% 2025 and to 64.6% in 2050 (Ministry of Agriculture,
GOI). The future of rice production which consumes a lion’s share of water (85%)
used in irrigated agriculture will therefore depend heavily on developing and adopting
technologies and practices which will use less water with highest use efficiency. This
is made possible by drip irrigation technology; moisture availability in soil is kept
close to the crop water requirement on a continuous basis. In this method, the crop
performs close to its genetic potential and yields are enhanced. At present not much
information is available on drought resistant, high yielding rice variety with reference
to better method of establishment for aerobic rice cultivation. With this background, a
field study was conducted at IARI, New Delhi during the kharif season of 2012 to
study the the effect of methods of planting on growth, yield and economics of rice
varieties,
suitable planting method and variety of rice under drip irrigation. The treatment
consisted of three planting methods i.e traditional method of planting Direct Seeded
Rice(DSR),System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and four varieties i.e. Pusa 44,Pusa
834,Pusa 1121 and Pusa 1401.In DSR and SRI methods, water was applied through
drip system. Total water applied was 1705 mm, 998 mm, and 984 mm in puddle
transplanted rice, DSR, SRI methods respectively, including effective rainfall of 130
mm. It was found that growt parameters such as plant height, number of tillers per m2,
dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, crop growth rate at 30 days after sowing
(DAS) and at harvest stage was significantly higher in traditional method and at 60
DAS in SRI with drip irrigation. Among the varieties, Pusa 1121 produced the
maximum plant height at 60 DAS and at harvest. However the maximum number of
tillers/m2 produced by Pusa 1401 at 60 DAS and at harvest, whereas Pusa 1121 at 30
DAS. The maximum dry matter accumulation by Pusa 1401 at 60 DAS and at harvest.
However, the highest dry matter accumulation at 30 DAS was observed with Pusa 44.
The maximum leaf area index, were recorded with the variety Pusa 1401. The yield
II
attributes (number of panicles per m2, length of panicle, weight of panicle, number of
filled grains per panicle) was highest under puddle transplanted rice. Similar result
was observed in terms of 1000- grain weight and crop yield (grain yield, straw yield
and harvest index). However, number of panicle and weight of panicle were
maximum in SRI method with drip irrigation. Similarly, Pusa 1401 gave significantly
higher grain yield compared to other three varieties. SRI with drip irrigation gave
higher field water use efficiency of 0.45 kg grain/m3 of water which is higher than
that of traditional method (0.30 kg grain/m3 of water) and DSR method with drip
irrigation (0.27 kg grain/m3 of water). Whereas, irrigation use efficiency was higher
in SRI method with drip irrigation (0.67 kg grain/m3 of water). Interaction effects
indicated that variety Pusa 44 along with traditional method of transplanting produced
significantly higher yield than the other treatment combinations. Highest gross return
( 105,640 /ha), net return ( 77,460 /ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.7) was observed in
traditional method followed by SRI under drip irrigation. Similarly Pusa 1401 has
given the highest net return ( 97,076/ha) and benefit cost ratio (4.1) followed by
Pusa 834 ( 49,925.6 /ha and 4.1). Interaction effects indicated that Pusa 1401 with
traditional method gave maximum net return ( 101,028/ha) and benefit cost ratio
(4.6).
 
Date 2016-05-02T14:53:24Z
2016-05-02T14:53:24Z
2013
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65732
 
Relation t-8848
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher IARI,WATER TECHNOLOGY CENTRE INDIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEW DELHI