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GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Title GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
 
Creator KIRANMAYI, BATHUNI
 
Contributor SHANTHI PRIYA, M
 
Subject planting, developmental stages, genotypes, yields, genetics, groundnuts, harvesting, harvest index, biological phenomena, heritability, GENETIC DIVERGENCE, GROUNDNUT, Arachis hypogaea L.
 
Description Present investigation was undertaken in groundnut to study variability, heritability, genetic advance, genetic divergence, correlation and Path analysis The experimental material used in the study consisted of fifty genotypes of groundnut which were evaluated in dry land farm of S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati in a randomised block design with three replications during rabi, 2013 so as to identify the best genotypes with high pod yield potential.
The analysis of variance revealed the existence of significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits. Hence, the data on all the 13 quantitative traits which showed significant differences among the entries were subjected to further statistical analysis.
TCGS-1330 recorded the high per se performance for pod yield, TCGS1350 registered high per se performance for kernel weight per plant and harvest index. TCGS-913 was earliest to mature and TCGS-1336 expressed maximum plant height while R 2001-2 (ZC) recorded high per se performance for number of mature pods per plant. TCGS-1157 and TCGS-1346 showed low mean values for pegs to pod ratio and number of immature pods respectively. TCGS1374 showed high per se performance for shelling percentage. TCGS-1331 showed highest mean value for oil content and TCGS-1343 registered highest per se performance for protein content and 100- seed weight. Hence, these parents may be used in intensive hybridization programme for incorporating the above traits.
High GCV and PCV were revealed for kernel weight per plant, mature pods weight per plant, harvest index, number of mature pods per plant, number of immature pods per plant, number of primary branches per plant and plant height. High heritability (broad sense) was observed for all the traits except shelling percentage and pegs to pod ratio. High GAM was recorded for plant
height, number of primary branches per plant, number of mature pods per plant, number of immature pods per plant, harvest index, 100- seed weight, kernel weight per plant and mature pods weight per plant indicating that simple selection could be effective for further improvement of these traits. Based on Mahalanobis D2 analysis the 50 genotypes were grouped into 7 clusters. The pattern of distribution of genotypes into various clusters revealed that there was no relationship between geographical distribution and genetic diversity. Greater genetic divergence was found between clusters VI and VII, suggested exploitation of these two clusters by intermating the genotypes in a definite breeding designs to explore the fullest range of heterosis and to realize good recombinant lines. A perusal of character association indicated highly significant positive association of number of mature pods per plant, shelling percentage, harvest index and kernel weight per plant with mature pods weight per plant at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. As these characters are inter related and also had strong association with mature pods weight per plant, the improvement in one component will automatically result in improvement in other component and finally mature pods weight per plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that kernel weight per plant exerted the highest positive direct effect on mature pods weight per plant followed by number of mature pods per plant. Indirect effects of most of the characters were high through kernel weight per plant on mature pods weight per plant. Hence, these characters should be given due emphasis in formulating selection criterion for genetic improvement of pod yield per plant in the present genetic material.
 
Date 2016-11-14T11:02:12Z
2016-11-14T11:02:12Z
2014
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier 115p.
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/85351
 
Language en_US
 
Relation D5027;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY