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DEVELOPMENT OF REPLACEMENT HEIFERS USING DIFFERENT FEED COMBINATIONS

KrishiKosh

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Title DEVELOPMENT OF REPLACEMENT HEIFERS USING DIFFERENT FEED COMBINATIONS
 
Creator Vivek Pratap Singh
 
Contributor Prof. R. K. Pandey
 
Subject Replacement heifers, different feed combinations and economic analysis
 
Description Ph. D.
The investigation was carried out for a period of 360 days (September 2011-August 2012) on cross-bred heifers at the dairy farm, Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. For conducting these experiments 24 cross-bred heifers (Holstein × Sahiwal) and (Jersey × Sahiwal) of about 4 to 6 months of age were selected and randomly distributed in 4 groups with six heifers in each group based on body weight and age, for four different feed combinations. The experimental crossbred heifers grouped in four treatment groups i.e. T1, T2, T3 and T4. Therefore, an investigation to compare the growth rates, digestibility coefficient, age at puberty and economics of replacement heifers has been carried out. The cross-bred heifer calves of all the groups were fed according to NRC feeding Standards (1988) and calculate the amounts of DM, DCP, and TDN on the body weight basis and treatments applied as given below:
In Group T1 - farm ration and roughages (Control), Group T2 - were fed concentrate mixture (Barley 50%, Wheat bran 8%, Arhar chuni 10%, Mustard cake 30% and Mineral mixture 2%) and roughages, Group T3- were fed concentrate mixture (Maize 50%, Wheat bran 8%, Arhar chuni 10%, Mustard cake 30% and Mineral mixture 2%) and roughages, and Group T4- were fed concentrate mixture (Sorghum 50%, Wheat bran 8%, Arhar chuni 10%, Mustard cake 30% and Mineral mixture 2%) and roughage. The heifers were stall fed and reared under farm conditions throughout the experimental period of 360 days. They were offered measured quantity of concentrates individually, restricted amount of green fodder (MP Chari, Maize, Cow pea and Berseem etc. depending on seasonal availability) and wheat straw ad libitum; fresh and clean water was provided to all the animals ad lib round the clock. The daily dry matter intake of cross-bred heifers was recorded individually. The animal were weighed in weighing bridge and body measurement for heart girth, length and height were taken at monthly intervals. At seven, eleven and fifteen months of age, a 7 days digestibility trial was conducted to know the feed intake and nutrient utilization in different groups. Proximate analysis of feed and faeces and statistical analysis of the data were carried out with standard procedure. In the end of experiment economics of feeding growing cross-bred heifers to determined comparative efficiency of feed and feed cost per kg body weight gain was worked out and suitable recommendation was made for raising cross-bred heifers economically.
Nutrition costs are the most expensive component of a heifer development budget. It is critical to have all feedstuffs analyzed for nutrient content prior to feeding. A balanced ration can then be developed to achieve the desired rate of gain. Many forages and concentrate supplements can be used to successfully develop heifers to allow rapid growth and development. Results obtained on dairy farm in this study under controlled and unbiased conditions, have statistically analyzed (to determine whether the differences are repeatable), and have been conducted under experimental designs that would be similar to field situations, was found to be statistically significant and economically viable. Dairy farmers and nutritionists will take it to compare and measure responses. Further, combination of mineral mixture with concentrate in growing heifers ration results productive and better development of replacement heifers. Results of this study showed that the feeding of maize as concentrate have consistently proven to be an asset in growing and finishing operations and are well accepted as a means to increase the profitability of most cattle operations.
Thus, the results of this study will help individual farmers, commercial herds as well as the feed industry to ensure balanced nutrition to cross-bred heifers under Indian conditions.
 
Date 2016-09-19T19:39:19Z
2016-09-19T19:39:19Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/77540
 
Language en
 
Relation P0027;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University