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Performance of system of rice intensification under variable irrigation schedules, spacings and varietries against conventional transplanting and yield prediction using Ceres-Rice-Model

KrishiKosh

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Title Performance of system of rice intensification under variable irrigation schedules, spacings and varietries against conventional transplanting and yield prediction using Ceres-Rice-Model
 
Creator Dass, Anchal
 
Contributor Subhash Chandra
 
Subject performance evaluation, rice, intensification, irrigation scheduling, spacing, traditional farming, transplantation, yield forecasting, using Ceres-Rice-Model, models
 
Description Thesis-PhD
Rice holds a key place in India’s food security, and its low productivity (2.2 t/ha) is a serious concern. Recently, system of rice intensification (SRI) has been shown to raise rice yields tremendously. However, performance of SRI technique may vary with locations and management components. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2008 and 2009 at the Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, located in tarai region of India to find out the optimum irrigation schedule, spacing and suitable variety for SRI method, to compare SRI with conventional method and to validate CERES-Rice model (DSSAT 4.5) for yield prediction. In this experiment, 14 treatments, comprising 3 irrigation schedules (irrigation at 1, 3 and 5 day after disappearance of ponded water), 2 spacings (20 cm x 20 cm and 25 cm x 25 cm) and 2 varieties (Pant Dhan 4 and Hybrid 6444) for SRI alongwith two controls including conventional cultivation of Pant Dhan 4 and Hybrid 6444, were tested in RCBD with three replications. Irrigation schedules did not differ significantly for growth and yield during 2008. However, during 2009 applying irrigation at 1 and 3 days after disappearance of ponded water (DADPW) significantly enhanced plant height, tillers/m2, photosynthetic rate, dry matter accumulation and partitioning, root growth, panicles/m2, panicle length, and grain number and weight/panicle over 5 DADPW. Total uptakes of N, K, S, Zn were the highest under 3 DADPW and of P under 1 DADPW. Grain yield from the treatment receiving irrigation at 1 and 3 DADPW was higher than 5 DADPW (58.4 q/ha) by 12.8 and 8.01 per cent, respectively. Wateruse efficiency was the highest with irrigation at 5 DADPW (38.5 kg/ha- cm). Net returns were 2,541 and ` 2,583/ha greater with irrigation at shorter intervals (1 and 3 DADPW) than 5 DADPW (` 28613/ha). Wider spacing (25 cm x 25 cm) was found significantly better than closer spacing (20 cm x 20 cm) for yield, net profit and cost of production. Under conventional method, the two varieties behaved alike for yield, yet during 2008, Pant Dhan 4 gave 35.1 per cent higher profit than hybrid 6444 (` 16863/ha), owing to higher seed cost of the latter. Under SRI during 2009, substantially higher yield of hybrid 6444 (65.9 q/ha), emulated the higher seed cost and produced higher profit than Pant Dhan 4. Between two methods, SRI was more advantageous in terms of reduced cost of cultivation (8%), increased grain yield (16.9%), water productivity (16.1%) and net returns (56.0%) than conventional practice. CERES-Rice (DSSAT 4.5) model applied to the data generated under the field investigation predicted maturity and grain yield fairly close to the observed values. SRI provided perceptible gains in yield and income over conventional method in tarai belt of India. Under this technique, Hybrid 6444 may be planted at 25 cm x 25 cm spacing and irrigated at 3 DADPW for higher for higher returns. For estimation of maturity and yield in advance, CERES-Rice (DSSAT 4.5) can be used for fairly accurate predictions.
 
Date 2016-07-27T15:03:39Z
2016-07-27T15:03:39Z
2010-11
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/70083
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)