DRIP IRRIGATION SCHEDULES AND PLASTIC MULCHING FOR HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY OF RABI MAIZE
KrishiKosh
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Title |
DRIP IRRIGATION SCHEDULES AND PLASTIC MULCHING FOR HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY OF RABI MAIZE
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Creator |
SWATHI PRIYA, N
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Contributor |
RAMULU, V
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Subject |
DRIP IRRIGATION, SCHEDULES, PLASTIC MULCHING, HIGHER, PRODUCTIVITY, RABI MAIZE
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Description |
A field experiment was conducted at Water Technology Centre, College farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during rabi 2014-15 to study the “Drip irrigation schedules and plastic mulching for higher productivity of rabi maize”. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with eight treatments in three replications. The treatments comprises of drip irrigation schedules and plastic mulching viz., drip irrigation equivalent at 100%, 80% and 60% pan evaporation replenishment each with and without mulch and surface furrow irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio with plastic mulch and surface furrow irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio without mulch. The experimental soil was sandy clay loam in texture, slightly alkaline in reaction and non-saline. The fertility status of the experimental soil was medium in organic carbon, low in available nitrogen, high in available phosphorus and potassium. Significantly higher plant height and dry matter production of maize was observed in drip irrigation scheduled at 100% pan evaporation replenishment with plastic mulching (I1) followed by 80% pan evaporation with plastic mulch ( I3) and surface furrow irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio with plastic mulch compared to all other irrigation schedules at all growth stages except at 30 DAS. Weed density and weed dry weight were not influenced by the irrigation schedules at 30 DAS but at the succeeding stages, higher weed density and weed dry weight were noticed in surface furrow irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio without plastic mulch closely followed by surface furrow irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio with plastic mulch and drip irrigation scheduled at 100% pan evaporation without mulch. Significantly higher cob weight (240 g plant-1), grain weight (231.67 g plant-1) and test weight (31.20 g plant-1) of maize was realized in drip irrigation scheduled equivalent to 100% pan evaporation replenishment with plastic mulching ( I1) compared to all other irrigation schedules without mulch. The number of cobs plant-1and shelling percentage in maize was not significantly affected by irrigation schedules with and without plastic mulching Significantly higher grain and straw yield (7447 and 11340 kg ha-1 respectively) of maize were realized in drip irrigation scheduled equivalent to 100% pan evaporation replenishment with plastic mulching (I1) compared to all other irrigation schedules without mulch. Highest harvest index (40.14%) was observed under drip irrigation scheduled at 60% pan evaporation with plastic mulch closely followed by drip irrigation equivalent to 100% pan evaporation with plastic mulch (39.64%) and surface furrow irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio with plastic mulch (39.68%). Drip irrigation scheduled at 60% pan evaporation equivalent with plastic mulch recorded the highest water productivity (2.21 kg m-3). Nitrogen, phosphorus uptake and potassium uptake of maize was significantly higher in drip irrigation scheduled at 100% pan evaporation replenishment with plastic mulching (186, 50 and 79 kg ha-1, respectively). The net returns were higher with drip irrigation scheduled at 100% pan evaporation replenishment with plastic mulching (Rs 69555 ha-1) compared to all other irrigation schedules but the highest benefit cost ratio was obtained with drip irrigation scheduled equivalent to 80% pan evaporation replenishment with plastic mulching (1.85 ). Lower soil moisture potential were associated with drip irrigation scheduled at 100% pan evaporation with plastic mulch than without plastic mulch followed by 80% pan evaporation with plastic mulch than without plastic mulch at before and after irrigation over other irrigation schedulings at all the soil depths throughout the crop growth period. Higher gravimetric moisture content was observed at 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil depths before irrigation and after irrigation at 100% pan evaporation with plastic mulch compared to all other irrigation schedulings closely followed by drip irrigation at 100% E pan without plastic mulch, surface furrow irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio without plastic mulch. Among the drip irrigations, lower soil moisture content was observed at drip irrigation equivalent to 60% pan evaporation without plastic mulch in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil depth, at before irrigation and at after irrigation. Higher leaf water potential was observed before irrigation in drip irrigation scheduled at 100% pan evaporation with plastic mulch compared to all other irrigation schedulings, followed by drip irrigation at 80% pan evaporation with plastic mulch and 60% pan evaporation with plastic mulch. Whereas, drip irrigation scheduled at 60% pan evaporation without plastic mulch recorded lower leaf water potential at before irrigation and after irrigation. The results obtained in the present study clearly indicates that the drip irrigation scheduled at 80% pan evaporation coupled with plastic mulch and surface furrow irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio with plastic mulch gave higher grain yield and B: C ratio and water productivity. |
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Date |
2016-12-27T11:56:38Z
2016-12-27T11:56:38Z 2015 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/93149
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Language |
en
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Relation |
D9903;
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
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