Genetic divergence in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
KrishiKosh
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Title |
Genetic divergence in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
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Creator |
PADMAVATHI, P.V
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Contributor |
SREEMANNARAYANA MURTHY, S
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Subject |
Genetic, divergence, chickpea
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Description |
The present investigation entitled ‘Genetic divergence in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)’ was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam Farm, Guntur with 30 desi and 30 kabuli genotypes to elicit information on the nature and extent of variability, heritability, genetic advance, genetic divergence, character association and the magnitude of direct and indirect effects of yield component characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight (g), harvest index (%), biological yield per plant (g), protein content (%) and seed yield per plant (g) on seed yield. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied in both desi and kabuli genotypes of chickpea. The genotypic coefficients of variation for all characters studied were lesser than the phenotypic coefficients of variation in both desi and kabuli genotypes indicating the major role of the environment. In both desi and kabuli groups, high PCV and GCV were observed in respect of biological yield per plant and seed yield per plant while high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of pods per plant. Hence, improvement in these characters is possible through direct phenotypic selection. The correlation study indicated positive association of plant height, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight, harvest index and biological yield per plant with seed yield in both desi and kabuli genotypes. Hence, simultaneous improvement of these characters along with seed yield is possible. Protein content showed negative association with seed yield in both desi and kabuli genotypes which denotes that simultaneous improvement of this trait along with seed yield is not possible. The path analysis indicated high and positive direct effect of biological yield per plant (g) and number of pods per plant on seed yield in both desi and kabuli genotypes. Direct selection through these traits for improvement of seed yield would be highly effective. The results of multivariate analysis indicated the presence of considerable genetic divergence among the genotypes studied. The 30 desi genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters, whereas 30 kabuli genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters. Clustering pattern of genotypes did not follow geographical origin. Based upon the divergence studies, crosses may be made between the genotypes of cluster I (ICC 16036, CSJ 313, ICC 12960, ICC 14334, ICC 188, ICC 14194 and ICC 8927) and cluster V (BG 2070) followed by cluster IV (ICC 16460, JSC 38 and ICC 11322) and cluster V (BG 2070) in desi genotypes. In kabuli genotypes, crosses may be attempted between genotypes grouped under cluster VII (GLK 23028) and cluster VIII (BGM 560) followed by cluster V (ICCX 960072-5) and cluster VIII (BGM 560) to isolate transgressive segregants in desi and kabuli populations. Of 11 characters studied, 100-seed weight, days to maturity and days to 50 % flowering contributed maximum towards divergence in both desi and kabuli genotypes. The principal component (PC) analysis identified 4 principal components for both desi and kabuli genotypes with eigen values exceeding one. The contribution by the first PC is maximum for both the groups. Characters like days to maturity, 100-seed weight and number of primary branches contributed more in desi genotypes, while in kabuli genotypes, seed yield per plant, 100- seed weight and biological yield per plant contributed more in first PC. Agglomerative cluster analysis revealed that there is wide genetic distance between cluster I ((ICC 14334, ICC 188, ICC 16036, CSJ 313, ICC 12960, ICC 14194, ICC 8927) and V (Phule G 01103, JSC 39, JG 2003-01101, IPC 00-59) in desi genotypes and between cluster II (LBeG 8, ICC 15964) and V (ICCX 960066-1, ICCX 96004-2, BG 2050, MMK1, BG 2051, ICCX 960072-1, GLK 23032 and ICCX 960072-5) in kabuli genotypes. Therefore, hybridization among the parents selected from these clusters will produce superior segregants. Dendrogram obtained by cluster analysis showed the sub grouping of genotypes within the cluster, which is not possible through D2 analysis. Thus, the present study revealed that the major emphasis should be laid on number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight besides aiming for improvement of biological yield and harvest index simultaneously through their component traits. |
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Date |
2016-08-02T10:44:39Z
2016-08-02T10:44:39Z 2008 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/70469
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Language |
en
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Relation |
D8378;
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
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