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GENETIC DIVERGENCE ANALYSIS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

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Title GENETIC DIVERGENCE ANALYSIS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
 
Creator VENKATA LAKSHMI, M
 
Contributor SUNEETHA, Y
 
Subject grain, yields, planting, genetics, genotypes, developmental stages, rice, biological phenomena, heritability, phenotypes
 
Description The present investigation entitled “Genetic divergence analysis in rice (Oryza
sativa L.) was undertaken at College Farm, Agricultural College, Naira, Srikakulam
during Kharif 2012. The experimental material comprised of 70 genotypes and were
evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications. Observations were
recorded on days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, number of effective tillers
per plant, plant height, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight,
grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel breadth and L/B ratio.
The main objectives of the investigation were to study the genetic diversity
present in the material for selection of diverse parents, to estimate the genetic
parameters among the genotypes for yield and quality traits and the extent of
association between yield, its components and quality characters including the direct
and indirect effects.
The analysis of variance revealed significant variation among the genotypes for
all the traits studied, indicating the existence of sufficient variability in the material
under study. High GCV and PCV values were observed for grain yield per plant while
moderate values were noticed for number of effective tillers per plant, plant height,
number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, kernel breadth and L/B ratio. High
heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for
number of productive tillers per plant, plant height, number of grains per panicle, 1000-
grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel breadth and L/B ratio, which indicated the
pre-dominance of additive gene action in the inheritance of these traits. The high
estimates of heritability coupled with low genetic advance as per cent of mean were
noticed for days to maturity indicating the presence of non-additive gene effects, in
addition to environmental influence.
The genotypes studied were grouped into nine clusters based on the genetic
divergence studies. Among the nine clusters, cluster IV was the largest comprising of
14 genotypes, representing collections from different centres of the country. The
distribution pattern of genotypes into different clusters revealed no parallelism between
genetic and geographic diversity. Maximum intra cluster D2 values were recorded for
Cluster IX indicating the genotypes in the cluster to be more divergent. Further, highest
inter-cluster divergence was noticed between cluster II and IX, indicating that
genotypes from these clusters were highly divergent meriting due consideration in
selection of parents from these clusters for hybridization. Further, L/B ratio was noticed
to contribute maximum, followed by number of grains per panicle, kernel length and
plant height towards the total divergence indicating the need to emphasis on these traits
in the selection of parents for hybridization.
A perusal of the results on character associations for grain yield, yield
components and quality characters revealed grain yield per plant to be positively and
significantly associated with days to maturity, number of productive tillers per plant,
plant height and kernel length indicating importance of these traits as selection criteria
in yield improvement programmes. An analysis of the path coefficient results also
revealed high direct effect of kernel length, number of ear bearing tiller per plant, plant
height and days to maturity on grain yield indicating the effectiveness of direct
selection for these traits.
The study also revealed the potential of CR 2986-2-3-1-1-1 and CR 2942-112
genotypes for grain yield per plant in addition to panicle length, number of grains per
panicle and 1000-grain weight indicating their scope for use in different hybridization
programmes and the genotypes RP BIO 4919-194, R 1521-880-1-37-1, CN 1476-817-
8-19-8 and OM 5637 are identified as promising genotypes for improving the yield
 
Date 2016-06-23T10:24:31Z
2016-06-23T10:24:31Z
2013
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67799
 
Language en
 
Relation D9456;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY