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Production of xylanase from Aspergillus strain and its impact on enzymatic sugar recovery from paddy straw

KrishiKosh

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Title Production of xylanase from Aspergillus strain and its impact on enzymatic sugar recovery from paddy straw
M.Sc.
 
Creator JAIRAM CHOUDHARY
 
Contributor Anju Arora
 
Subject enzymes, fungi, fermentation, polysaccharides, cellulose, crop residues, productivity, rice, sugar, biomass
 
Description Lignocellulosic biomass is most abundant source for production of greener
energy & replacement for starchy material, consist of mainly cellulose, hemicellulose
& lignin. Lignin makes these polysaccharides unaccessible to hydrolytic enzymes
and generates the urgency of different pretreatment strategies to remove lignin and
unlock the substrate. Existing technologies do not allow complete saccharification of
plant polymers as there are many technological gaps hindering the action of currently
available standard cellulases. Commercial cellulases are not efficient in utilization of
complete substrate as they are subjected to tight induction & regulation systems and
inhibited by end products. To overcome these limitations and make the process
economically feasible, supplementation of cellulases with accessory enzymes
(xylanase, xylosidase, β-glucosidase and cofactors) is required. Aspergillus strains
were found efficient in xylanase production. Five Aspergillus strains were screened
both qualitatively and quantitatively for xylanolytic and cellulolytic activities and
hyperxylanolytic strains A. awamori F 18 and A. foetidus MTCC 508 were selected
on the basis of high specific activity (IU/mg protein) of xylanase under submerged
and solid state fermentation. Xylanase was produced by these two strains under solid
state fermentation using corn cob, paddy straw and mixture of paddy straw and
wheat bran (1:1 ratio). A. awamori F 18 was most efficient in producing xylanase
with specific activity 456.19 IU/mg protein, under solid state fermentation. Xylanase
produced by A. awamori F 18 was concentrated (11.5 fold) by acetone precipitation
method. Xylanase had optimum pH 6.0 and temperature, 45°C. Steam pretreated
paddy straw was used as substrate to study the effect of this xylanase
supplementation on sugar yields. Supplementation of xylanase to standard cellulases
yielded significantly higher amount of sugars than standard cellulases alone. These
sugars can be fermented by fermenting organism like yeast to produce bioethanol.
The study confirmed role of accessory enzyme xylanase in enhancing sugar yields
from biomass by standard cellulases. This strategy can be utilized in biorefinery to
produce greener energy more economically.
 
Date 2016-03-14T16:16:42Z
2016-03-14T16:16:42Z
2013
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65129
 
Language en_US
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher IARI, DIVISION OF MICROBIOLOGY, NEW DELHI