PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN IDEAL WATERSHED WITH ZERO SURFACE RUNOFF
KrishiKosh
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Title |
PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN IDEAL WATERSHED WITH ZERO SURFACE RUNOFF
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Creator |
Khatua, Santosh Kumar
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Contributor |
Panigrahi, B
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Subject |
PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT, IDEAL WATERSHED, ZERO SURFACE RUNOFF
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Description |
The present study is undertaken for effective and efficient use of natural resources by scientific planning of soil and water conservation structures in Kharlikani watershed of Bolangir district in Odisha. The study area comprises of four types of toposystems i.e. non-arable upland, arable upland, arable medium land and arable low land. The recommended soil and water conservation structures for non-arable upland, arable upland, arable medium land and arable low land are continuous contour trench (CCT), contour bund with surplus weir, contour bund and farm pond, respectively. The design dimensions of CCTs in non-arable upland are found to have a depth of 0.60 m with width of trench of 0.90 m and are to be laid at a horizontal interval (HI) of 5 m and vertical interval (VI) of 1 m. The design dimensions of contour bund in arable upland have top width of 0.45 m, base width of 3.57 m, height of bund 1.04 m, side slope of 1.5:1 with VI of 1.525 m and HI of 30.5 m . To dispose off the excess runoff, a surplus weir of length 1.82 m and depth 0.25 m is required at the top of contour bund. The design dimensions of contour bund in arable medium land are found to have top width of 0.45 m, base width of 2.20 m, height of bund of 0.58 m, side slope of 1.5:1 with VI and HI of 0.955 and 91.5 m, respectively. For paddy – mustard cropping system, simulation of size of unlined farm pond in low land in the watershed is obtained as 14.15 % . Construction of contour bund and CCTs in watershed produced no surface runoff and soil loss in post-treatment stage of 2014. In addition, there is significant increase of moisture content of the soil and ground water table after construction of these structures. Construction of 14.15% size of farm pond in low land enabled to apply three supplemental irrigations of 5.0 cm each to paddy in kharif and one pre sowing irrigation of 3.5 cm to mustard in rabi which increased the yield of paddy and mustard by 55.6 and 66.6 %, respectively as compared to rainfed farming systems. |
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Date |
2016-12-21T14:40:52Z
2016-12-21T14:40:52Z 2015 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/91872
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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