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Generation Mean Analysis in Rice [Oryza sativa L.]

KrishiKosh

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Title Generation Mean Analysis in Rice [Oryza sativa L.]
 
Creator Gajanan, Kasture Ashish
 
Contributor Patel, V.P.
 
Subject crossing over, additives, genes, planting, biological phenomena, grain, yields, genetics, rice, heritability
 
Description The present investigation was conducted at Main Rice Research Centre farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during kharif-2013 with a view to study the genetic parameters viz., gene action, heterosis, inbreeding depression, heritability and expected genetic advance of six crosses (each having P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 generations) in a Compact Family Block Design with three replications.
The analysis of variance for grain yield per plant and its component traits along with nutritional traits revealed significant differences among generations in all the characters studied in all the six crosses.
The significance of scaling tests (A, B, C and D) indicated appreciable amount of epistasis present in different characters of six crosses under study, indicated the failure of a simple genetic model to explain the genetic system controlling the traits studied in all the six crosses.
The estimates for gene effects with cross I (NVSR 303 x IRRI AMT 301) revealed the importance of additive, dominance and all interactions (additive x additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance) for days to flowering, panicle length and zinc content; additive, additive x additive and additive x dominance for plant height; additive, dominance and dominance x dominance for productive tillers per plant; additive and additive x additive for grains per panicle; additive, dominance and additive x additive for grain yield per plant and crude fiber; additive, dominance, additive x additive and dominance x dominance for test weight; gene effects dominance and epistatic (additive x additive and dominance x dominance) for protein content and additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance for iron content.
In cross II (NVSR 303 x GNR 2) inheritance of the traits viz., plant height, panicle length, test weight, protein content, iron content and zinc content was influenced by additive, dominance and all three epistatic interaction (additive x additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance), while in case of other traits additive, dominance, additive x additive and dominance x dominance gene effect was observed for days to flowering and crude fiber; additive, dominance, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance gene effects for grains per panicle and additive and additive x dominance were observed for grain yield per plant.
The estimates of gene effects revealed importance of different gene effects with different characters in cross III (NVSR 303-6 x IRRI AMT 301) as; only dominance and dominance x dominance for productive tillers per plant and only principle gene effects along with additive x dominance for grain yield per plant and crude fiber; principal gene effects along with dominance x dominance for days to flowering and grains per panicle; major gene effects along with all three epistatic for plant height, panicle length and test weight; additive, dominance and epistatic (additive x dominance and dominance x dominance) for protein content; additive, dominance and epistatic (additive x additive and additive x dominance) for iron content.
In cross IV (NVSR 303-6 x IET 22121) the estimates of gene effects revealed additive, additive x additive and additive x dominance for days to flowering; additive, dominance, additive x additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance for plant height and test weight; additive, dominance, additive x additive and dominance x dominance for productive tillers per plant, grains per panicle and iron content; dominance, additive x additive and dominance x dominance gene effect for panicle length; principal gene effects additive, dominance along with additive x additive epistatis for grain yield per plant; additive, dominance and epistatis (additive x additive and additive x dominance) for protein content; additive, dominance and additive x dominance for zinc content; whereas only additive and additive x dominance were found significant for crude fiber.
The estimates of gene effects in cross V (Lal Kada x IRRI AMT 301), revealed that additive, additive x additive and dominance x dominance were important for inheritance of days to flowering and grains per panicle; additive, dominance and additive x additive for plant height; additive, dominance, additive x additive and dominance x dominance for productive tillers per plant; additive, dominance and all epistatic interactions (additive x additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance) for panicle length, test weight and iron content; only dominance and additive x dominance for grain yield per plant; additive and epistatic (additive x additive and additive x dominance) for protein content; additive, dominance and epistatic (additive x additive and additive x dominance) for zinc content and additive and additive x dominance were found significant and important for inheritance of crude fiber.
The estimates of gene effect in cross VI (Lal Kada x IET 22121) revealed that additive, additive x additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance for days to flowering; additive, dominance, additive x additive and additive x dominance for plant height and zinc content; additive and additive x additive for productive tillers per plant; dominance, additive x additive and dominance x dominance gene effect for panicle length and protein content; major gene effects additive, dominance along with additive x additive and dominance x dominance epistatis for grains per panicle; additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance for grain yield per plant and test weight; additive, dominance and all interactions (additive x additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance) for iron content and additive, additive x additive and additive x dominance for crude fiber were found significant.
Highly significant and positive heterosis over mid parent and better parent was recorded for grain yield per plant and its related traits in crosses viz., NVSR 303 x IRRI AMT 301, NVSR 303-6 x IRRI AMT 301and Lal Kada x IRRI AMT 301. Crosses which depicted significant and positive heterosis for grains yield per plant also exhibited significant and positive heterosis for its component traits like productive tillers per plant, grains per panicle, panicle length and test weight, which indicated that heterotic effect for grain yield per plant was mainly due to manifestation of heterosis in yield components. In general, the crosses which depicted positively significant heterosis for protein content, iron content, zinc content and crude fiber had less grain yield, thus nutritional rice quality with high yields could be achieved through population improvement. The crosses which exhibited heterosis for grain yield per plant, yield contributing traits and nutritional quality traits also depicted significant inbreeding depression which revealed association between heterotic effects and inbreeding depression.
In general, high broad sense heritability was recorded for grain yield per plant and its attributes in all crosses except NVSR 303 x IRRI AMT 301 and NVSR 303-6 x IRRI AMT 301. In case of nutritional quality traits high to moderate broad sense heritability was depicted by almost all the crosses.
The characters viz., days to flowering, plant height and iron content in cross I (NVSR 303 x IRRI AMT 301) expressed high to moderate heritability (narrow sense) estimates coupled with moderate to high genetic advance. In cross II (NVSR 303 x GNR 2) grain yield per plant and iron content; in cross III (NVSR 303-6 x IRRI AMT 301) days to flowering, plant height, iron content and zinc content; in cross IV (NVSR 303-6 x IET 22121) days to flowering, plant height, grains per panicle, grain yield per plant, test weight and zinc content; in cross V (Lal Kada x IRRI AMT301) grain yield per plant and iron content; in cross VI (Lal Kada x IET 22121) panicle length and grain yield per plant exhibited high to moderate heritability (narrow sense) estimates coupled with moderate to high genetic advance entailed these characters could be improved by selection pressure in succeeding generations.
In general, involvement of both additive and non-additive gene effects, moderate magnitude of desirable relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis, moderate to high heritability coupled with moderate/high expected genetic advance for most of the characters suggested that it would be desirable to follow cyclic method of breeding involving conventional breeding approach of selection of superior recombinants and their inter se mating for the development of elite homozygous recombinants having high quality and high yielding potentiality.
 
Date 2016-04-27T14:16:09Z
2016-04-27T14:16:09Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65608
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher NAU