RELATIVE EFFICIENCY OF SUPERPHOSFHATE AND AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE AT DIFFERENT LEVELS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
KrishiKosh
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Title |
RELATIVE EFFICIENCY OF SUPERPHOSFHATE AND AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE AT DIFFERENT LEVELS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
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Creator |
GOVINDA RAJU, A
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Contributor |
RADHIKA, P.
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Subject |
SUPERPHOSFHATE, AMMONIUM, POLYPHOSPHATE, RICE
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Description |
The project entitled “Relationship farming - Benefit to the farmer - A case study of Ramakuppam mandal, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh” was carried out in Ramakuppam Mandal of Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh. This study has been undertaken with the following objectives. 1. To understand the system of relationship farming. 2. To study the impact of relationship farming on farmers. 3. To assess the costs and benefits to heritage foods as a consequence of relationship farming as against traditional farming. The present study has been undertaken to understand the system of Relationship farming, the impact on farmers and to assess the cost and benefits to heritage foods as a consequence of Relationship farming. The sample size consists of a total of 120 famers. Out of which 60 farmers were following Relationship farming (HFIL farmers) and other 60 farmers were not following Relationship farming (NON-HFIL farmers). Required information for the study was collected from primary as well as secondary sources. A pretested questionnaire was administered to farmers for collecting the primary data. Secondary data was collected from village panchayats and company office. The collected data has been tabulated by using Ms-excel and is illustrated appropriately to make meaningful inferences. The data was subjected to appropriate statistical treatments like averages and percentages and the same has been presented in the form of tables. The major findings of the study are presented below: Most of the HFIL farmer belongs to 25-35 years, followed by 35–45 years, >45 years and less than 25 years. In NON-HFIL farmers mostly belong to >45years followed by 35-45 years, 25–35 years and least belong to less than 25 years. By analyzing the land holdings of the farmer, majority of HFIL farmers belong to large and medium categories where as in the case of NON-HFIL farmers most of the farmers are small farmers. It could be noted that majority of the HFIL farmers had higher education, followed by primary education and then college studies; whereas most of the NON-HFIL farmers had primary education followed by higher education. Most of the HFIL farmers are having drip system of irrigation. The same trend was followed in NON-HFIL farmers also. It is also found that most of the farmers are using bore well as a source of irrigation. It is found that there is a decrease in the cost of cultivation of tomato, brinjal, chilli and beans by 20.09%, 19.52%, 19.35% and 15% respectively, there is a drastic increase in yield in crops like tomato, brinjal, chilli and beans by 36.66%, 29.41%, 21.21% and 25% respectively and an increase in income earned for tomato, brinjal, chilli and beans by 28.57%, 37.5%, 25%, and 25% annually due to technical guidance offered by the technical experts of the company to the farmers through relationship farming. 85% of the HFIL farmers said that good agricultural practices were implemented through relationship farming. 81.66% of the farmers responded that customized farming was being practiced by farmers following relationship farming. 80% of the farmers responded that there was a decrease in the cost of cultivation due to technical guidance offered by experts of the company. 78.33% of the farmers responded that crop diversification was a major contribution of relationship farming. 76.66% of the farmers said that there was a lot of improvement in the quality standards of the fruits and vegetables by adopting good agricultural practices and 63.33% of HFIL farmers said that transfer of technology offered through relationship farming by the company is excellent. 55% HFIL farmers said that grading was a severe problem being faced by them and 21.66% HFIL farmers said that less price was being paid to the ‘B’ grade produce. Hence policy regarding payment of ‘B’ grade price should be reviewed. The cost of procurement of one quintal of tomato to HFIL from relationship farming is Rs.332/- whereas from traditional procurement it is costing Rs.365/. The difference in the cost of procurement of one quintal of tomato to HFIL is Rs.33/-. The percentage gain to the company is 9.93%. The cost of procurement of one quintal of beans to HFIL from relationship farming is Rs.1329.2 whereas from traditional procurement it is costing Rs.1535/. The difference in the cost of procurement of one quintal of beans to HFIL is Rs.205.8/-. The percentage gain to the company is 15.48%. The cost of procurement of one quintal of brinjal to HFIL from relationship farming is Rs.731.5/- whereas from traditional procurement it is costing Rs.840/-.The difference in the cost of procurement of one quintal of brinjal to HFIL is Rs.108.5/-. The percentage gain to the company is 14.83%. The cost of procurement of one quintal of chilli to HFIL through relationship farming is Rs.1568.74/- whereas from traditional procurement it is Rs.1675/-. The difference in the cost of procurement to HFIL is Rs.106.26. The percentage gain to the company is 6.77%. NON-HFIL farmers are selling their produce to mandis in general. 95% of them are selling their produce to mandis as they are getting financial assistance to grow crops when needed, 93.33% of them responded that they are obtaining instant cash when they sell to mandi. 88.33% of them are selling their produce to mandis as there would be no grading losses, 85% of them responded that they are realizing more prices when selling to mandis. 80% of them responded that mandis are easily accessible and hence they are selling to mandis, 70% of the NON-HFIL farmers said that mandis accept the entire produce taken by them. 53.33% of them said they would be no post harvest losses if they sell to mandis. Certain suggestions are given to Heritage Foods India Ltd (Agri Business Division) based on the study: It is suggested to company to form criteria for selection of farmers to avoid biased selection of farmers. The company can provide other input facilities like fertilizers, plant protection chemicals in time as the farmers were facing problem for production of crop. There is need for the firm to adopt suitable organized systems in order to have good and smooth running of the daily activities. Daily payment should be followed by this firm so as to attract the small farmers to Relationship farming. Training should be given to production staff and farmers to reduce the problem of grading. There is a need for organized credit for farmers to make long term investments on mechanization and for the very sake of knowing and using such resources. The firm has to recommend credit institutions to advance credit based on the assured revenue of the Relationship farming crop. The loss of inputs (seeds) for the firm and labour of the farmer goes unaccounted in case of a crop failure due to natural calamities, pest and diseases etc. So, there is need for crop insurance to deal with crop failure. |
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Date |
2016-07-30T12:21:23Z
2016-07-30T12:21:23Z 2008 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/70267
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Language |
en
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Relation |
D8301;
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTRUAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGR, HYDERABAD
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