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Clinical Evaluation Of Angiotensin II Inhibitor In The Treatment Of Congestive Heart Failure In Dogs

KrishiKosh

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Title Clinical Evaluation Of Angiotensin II Inhibitor In The Treatment Of Congestive Heart Failure In Dogs
 
Creator Jeyaraja, K
 
Contributor Dhanapalan, P
Parthaban, S
Balachandran, C
Hariharan, P
 
Description Congestive heart failure is one of the important cause of morbidity
and mortality in dogs. It is often secondary to chronic degenerative mitral
valve insufficiency (MVI) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Presently,
judicious inhibition of renin - angiotensin - aldosterone - system remain as
the ideal way of treating congestive heart failure. For this purpose, ACE
inhibitors, diuretics and digitalis has become the standard therapy.
Recently, Angiotensin II blockers were developed and tried in many human
trials for hypertension and congestive heart failure. These agents block the
angiotensin II at the receptor level thereby causing complete blockade of
angiotensin II (eg. Chymase) apart from angiotensin I. With this backdrop,
the present study was designed with the objective of assessing the efficacy of
Losartan potassium, the first developed angiotensin II blocker in the
treatment of CHF in dogs, and to compare its effect with existing standard
treatment.Dogs with DCM or MVI were randomly allotted to the treatment
groups : group I - Enalapril + furosemide + with / without digoxin, group II -
Losartan + furosemide + with / without digoxin and group III enalapril +
losartan + furosemide + with / without digoxin. Therapy was carried out for
eight weeks and clinical variables, radiography, echocardiography and
serum biochemistry were evaluated.
In group I and III after 60 days of treatment more per cent of dogs
had improved cough scores, respiratory effort, appetite, demeanor, mobility,
attitude, activity, pulmonary edema and ascites scores compared to group II,
with group III having a slight edge over group I. In heart rate, group I and
group III had highly significant (P # 0.01) reduction in heart rate whereas no
significant difference was observed in group II after 60 days of treatment.
A highly significant (P # 0.01) improvement in fractional shortening
and ejection fraction was observed in group I and III whereas no significant
changes was observed in group II in DCM dogs after 60 days of treatment. A
highly significant (P # 0.01) reduction was observed in LA/Ao ratio in group I
and group III whereas no significant difference was observed in group II in
MVI dogs at 60 days of treatment. A significant (P # 0.05) difference was
observed between group I and group III at 60 days of treatment.
In overall evaluation and class of heart failure group I and group III
fared very well with group III slightly better than group I, but group II had
very poor overall evaluation and improvement in class of heart failure. The
level of azotemia was same in all the three treatment groups at 60 days of
treatment. The survival rate was more in group III (80%) compared to group
II (60%) whereas very poor survival rate (10%) was observed in group II.
With the above findings it was concluded that losartan monotherapy
was not effective in the treatment of CHF in dogs when compared to the
standard therapy and the combination of enalapril and losartan was better
than the standard therapy.
 
Date 2016-05-27T12:44:43Z
2016-05-27T12:44:43Z
2004
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66373
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University