Structure, Morphology, Biochemical Composition of Scelerotia and Molecular Variability in Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Form Groundnut
KrishiKosh
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Title |
Structure, Morphology, Biochemical Composition of Scelerotia and Molecular Variability in Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Form Groundnut
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Creator |
Venkatesh Tiramsetti
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Contributor |
S.S. Adiver
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Subject |
Plant pathology
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Description |
Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) is an annual legume and important oilseed crop grown in India. Stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is posing serous threat to crop production. There was a gradual change in structure and morphological characters of sclerotia upon maturity. Size of immature sclerotia was 1911.76 μm (maximum), in partial mature sclerotia 1733.34 μm and in mature sclerotia 1562.72 μm. The levels of biochemical constituents in sclerotia were changed with respect to different stages of sclerotia. The reducing and non reducing sugar contents were increased, phenols and tannins contents were unchanged while protein and free amino acids were reduced with increasing age of sclerotia. Bleaching powder showed maximum inhibition on germination of sclerotia (97.70%) followed by gypsum (17.04%) and NSKE (9.64 %). Parthenium leaf extract (10%) was most effectively inhibited the sclerotial germination (31.67%) and delayed the period of germination up to 130.22 h. Pendimethalin (200 ppm) showed highest per cent inhibition of sclerotial germination (17.40%) and also delayed germination longer period (98.67 h). While ethylene enhanced the germination per cent and reduced the period of germination irrespective of sclerotial stages. Maximum inhibition of sclerotial germination was noticed with Trichoderma viride (63.33%) compared to T. harzianum (55.65%). Similarly Pseudomonas fluorescens inhibited maximum germination (90%) than Bacillus subtilis (81.11%) different ages of sclerotia. Ten isolates of S. rolfsii showed variability in morphological characters. The maximum colony diameter (85.47 mm) was attained by Coimbatore isolate and higher dry mycelia weight was recorded in Akola isolate (829.32 mg). The Coimbatore isolate produced maximum length of infection (10.70 cm) on TMV-2 variety and least by Hospet isolate (7.30 cm). Molecular variability studies by RAPD revealed that highest similarity observed between Belgaum-Coimbatore isolates and least similarity in Prakasam-Akola isolates. |
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Date |
2016-11-22T12:53:36Z
2016-11-22T12:53:36Z 2012 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/86929
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
UAS, Dharwad
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