BIOLOGY, LIFE TABLE AND MANAGEMENT OF Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) ON DIFFERENT STORED PULSES
KrishiKosh
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Title |
BIOLOGY, LIFE TABLE AND MANAGEMENT OF Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) ON DIFFERENT STORED PULSES
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Creator |
CHUDASAMA JALPA ARJANBHAI
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Contributor |
BHARODIA R. K.
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Subject |
BIOLOGY, LIFE TABLE AND MANAGEMENT
AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY |
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Description |
Key words: Biology, life table, ovipositional preference, plant extracts, Callosobruchus maculatus, pulses Investigations on biology, fecundity life table, ovipositional preference and management of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) on different stored pulses were carried out under laboratory conditions at the Storage Entomology and Packaging Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, J. A. U., Junagadh during the year 2013 – 2014. Biology of C. maculatus was studied on different three hosts viz., cowpea (local available variety of cowpea), chickpea variety GG - 2 and soybean variety Gujarat soybean 2 at an average temperature of 30 ± 10 C under laboratory conditions. The freshly egg laid by female of C. maculatus was small, oval and whitish and shiny. Generally, singly egg was laid on the surface of the seeds. Later on eggs were flattened and became creamy white with yellowish or grayish tinge with age. The mean incubation period in different hosts was ranged from 2.52 to 8.16 days being minimum in cowpea 2.52 ± 0.81 with a range of 1 to 4 days, while maximum in soybean with an average of 8.16 ± 0.71 and range of 7 – 9 days. The mean duration larval + pupal period ranged from 19.66 to 38.29 days in different hosts. It was 19.66 ± 1.31 with a range of 18 to 23 days in cowpea, 27.73 ± 0.91 with a range of 26 to 29 days in chickpea and 38.29 ± 1.47 with a range of 31 to 42 days in soybean. Developmental period varied from 22.14 to 46.53 days in different hosts. The total developmental period varied from 20 to 24 days with an average of 22.14 ± 1.02 days in cowpea, an average or 34.67 ± 1.09 with a range of 31 – 37 days in chickpea while in soybean, it was 46.53 ± 1.64 with a range of 39 to 50 days. The ratio of male and female was quite different on these hosts. In cowpea, the ratio was 1:1.10. It was 1:0.86 and 1:0.79 in chickpea and soybean, respectively. Significant differences were observed in the longevity of male and female beetles on various hosts. The longevity of male beetles varied from 6.60 to 9.72 days being minimum in chickpea and maximum on cowpea, but in case of female, it was varied from 7.20 to 9.28 days being minimum in soybean and maximum on cowpea. The highest pre-oviposition period was found in chickpea (5.32 ± 1.31 hour with a range of 4 - 8 hours) and the lowest pre-oviposition period was found in cowpea (4.76 ± 1.27 hours with a range of 3 – 7 hours). The highest oviposition period was recorded in cowpea (7.36 ± 1.70 days with a range of 5 – 10 days) and the lowest in soybean (6.76 ± 1.13 days with a range of 5 – 9 days). The highest postoviposition period was reported in chickpea (2.20 ± 0.58 days with a range of 1 – 3 days) and the lowest in soybean (1.28 ± 0.46 days with a range of 1 – 2 days). The data on fecundity revealed that the mean number of eggs laid on different hosts ranged from 58.80 to 80.08 eggs being maximum on cowpea (80.08) followed by chickpea (70.56) and soybean (58.80). The minimum number of eggs (58.80) was laid on soybean. Investigations on fecundity life tables and age specific distribution of C. maculatus on different hosts revealed that the expectancy of newly deposited eggs was different on all the hosts under study. The highest net reproductive rate (R0) of this pest was recorded on cowpea (18.42), whereas, it was the lowest on soybean (5.56). Considering the net reproductive rate, the host can be arranged in ascending order as soybean < chickpea soybean. Different plant extracts were tested for their efficacy in protecting stored different pulses against C. maculatus. They were evaluated on the basis of oviposition deterrence, reduction of adult emergence, percentage protection of weight loss and germination of healthy and damaged seeds after emergence of F1 progeny. All the plant extracts gave a little protection to seeds of pulses. Custard apple seed extract, custard apple leaf extract, neem seed extract and neem leaf extract at 5 per cent were the most effective against this pest on different pulses. On the basis of oviposition deterrence and adult emergence of C. maculatus due to the effect of extracts, the extracts could be arranged as; custard apple seed extract > custard apple leaf extract > neem seed extract > neem leaf extract. |
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Date |
2016-09-28T08:51:22Z
2016-09-28T08:51:22Z 2015-01 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/79218
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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