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GENETIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CONFECTIONERY TRAITS IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Title GENETIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CONFECTIONERY TRAITS IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
 
Creator PRASANNA RAJESH, A
 
Contributor RAJA REDDY, K
 
Subject biological phenomena, animal developmental stages, genes, bacteria, land resources, land management, bacillus thuringiensis, pcr, proteins, sampling
Arachis hypogaea L.,
 
Description A study comprising of 28 crosses derived from a 8 X 8 half diallel was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Kadiri during rabi 2008 and kharif 2009 seasons. The data recorded on yield, physiological and confectionery traits (eighteen characters) were subjected to combining ability analysis, heterosis, genetic parameters, character association and path co-efficient analysis.
Among parents K 1375 was found as a promising genotype for pod yield, kernel yield, oil percent, SMK percent, shelling percent, early maturity as well as for physiological traits i.e., high SCMR, low SLA at 30, 60 and 90 DAS and high RWC. The other promising parents identified were K 1271 for kernel yield, SMK percent, shelling percent and early flowering habit, ICGV 86564 and ICGV 99073 for pod yield, kernel yield per plant, HKW and haulm yield per plant, ICGV 99073 for high oil content and RWC and ICGV 86564 for low SLA at 30, 60, and 90 DAS during both the seasons.
Among F1s crosses K 1375 X K 1319 exhibited superiority for pod yield, kernel yield per plant, high SCMR and low SLA at 30, 60 and 90 DAS in both the seasons. Further, four more crosses viz., K 1375 X (3X155-005),
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K 1375 X K 1510, K 1375 X ICGV 00350 and 3 X 155-005 X ICGV 86564 was found promising for SCMR and low SLA values at 30, 60 and 90 DAS and shelling percent in both the seasons (rabi 2008 and kharif 2009). For oil content the parent K 1510 and five crosses viz., K 1375 X ICGV 99073, K 1375 X ICGV 00350, K 1510 X ICGV 86564 and K 1510 X ICGV 99073 and K 1510 X ICGV 00350 were found promising during both the seasons (rabi 2008 and kharif 2009). The F1 of cross the ICGV 86564 X ICGV 99073 recorded high per se values for pod yield, kernel yield, haulm yield per plant and hundred kernel weight while ICGV 86564 X ICGV 00350 recorded high mean values for relative water content, haulm yield per plant and hundred kernel weight. The F1 of cross the K 1271 X ICGV 99073 recorded high mean values for kernel yield and pod yield per plant and also it has expressed very early flowering and maturity.
Among F2 populations K 1271 X K 1510 exhibited high per se performance for pod yield, kernel yield, haulm yield per plant, shelling percent and oil percent. Two F2s viz., K 1319 X ICGV 86564 and (3X155-005) X ICGV 86564 recorded the high mean values for pod yield, kernel yield and haulm yield per plant.
The estimates of genetic variance components in F1 generation of 28 crosses revealed additive gene action for hundred kernel weight and oil percent and non additive gene action for SCMR, SLA at 30, 60 DAS, RWC, harvest index, days to maturity, haulm yield per plant, sound mature kernel, kernel yield and pod yield per plant in both the seasons (rabi 2008 and kharif 2009).
Among the parents best general combiners identified for the respective traits were K 1375 for pod yield, kernel yield per plant, shelling percent and oil percent, SCMR, SLA at 30,60 and 90 DAS, ICGV 99073 for pod yield, kernel yield, haulm yield per plant, oil percent and hundred kernel weight while K 1271 for days to 1st, 50% flowering and maturity, K 1510 for oil percent and ICGV 86564 for hundred kernel weight were adjudged as the best general combiners.
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The sca effects of crosses indicated K 1375 X K 1319 to be the good specific combiner for pod yield, kernel yield and haulm yield per plant, ICGV 86564 X ICGV 99073 for pod yield, haulm yield and hundred kernel weight, (3X155-005) X ICGV 99073 for low SLA at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, two F1 crosses viz., ICGV 86564 X ICGV 00350 and ICGV 99073 X ICGV 00350 for hundred kernel weight and RWC and K 1271 X ICGV 99073 for early days to 1st, 50% flowering and early maturity.
The best heterotic combinations identified over standard parent (K 1375) were K1271 X ICGV 99073 and K 1375 X K 1319 for pod yield, kernel yield , early flowering and early maturity, 3 X 155-005 X ICGV 99073 for low SLA at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, ICGV 86564 X ICGV 99073 for haulm yield per plant and K 1319 X (3 X 155-005) for early maturity. High magnitude of heterosis was observed in the crosses of high X low potential combinations for most of the traits. In majority of the crosses the dominance and epistasis type of gene effects were implicated in the expression of the heterosis hence these crosses could be further utilized in the isolation of superior high yielding transgressive segregants in their later generations.
High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was found for pod yield per plant, kernel yield per plant, haulms yield per plant, hundred kernel weight, SLA at 60 and 90 DAS indicating that it would be rewarding to lay due emphasis on the selection of these characters for rapid improvement of pod yield potential in groundnut.
The character associations in parents, F1 and F2 generation of 28 crosses indicated significant positive correlation of kernel yield, haulm yield per plant, harvest index and HKW with pod yield per plant in both the seasons. Very high positive direct effects on pod yield per plant were exerted by kernel yield, haulm yield, SCMR at 60 DAS, SLA at 30 and 90 DAS and SMK percent indicating that these traits were the important yield determinants and could be included in formulating selection indices for identification of high yielding genotypes in groundnut.
 
Date 2016-06-06T10:24:12Z
2016-06-06T10:24:12Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66806
 
Language en
 
Relation D8999;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY