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SOLUBILITY RELATIONSHIPS OF IRON IN SOILS AND AMELIORATION OF ITS DEFICIENCY UNDER AEROBIC RICE

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Title SOLUBILITY RELATIONSHIPS OF IRON IN SOILS AND AMELIORATION OF ITS DEFICIENCY UNDER AEROBIC RICE
 
Creator BABU LAL MEENA
 
Contributor R.K. Rattan
 
Subject rice, planting, sowing, iron, acidity, solutes, yields, extraction, biological phenomena, irrigation
 
Description T-8591
Aerobic rice is gradually catching the imagination of people due to water crisis
threatening the sustainability of irrigated rice ecosystem across the globe. A gradual
decline in the productivity of aerobic rice is associated with accentuation of deficiency
of Fe in soils, because of insolubility of Fe(III) oxides. Rice is inherently a poor
source of Fe and growing it on potentially Fe-deficient soils further reduces Fe
concentration in grain. Because of the iron deficiency issues, biofortification of cereal
crops with Fe has become a high-priority global issue. With a view to resolve the Fedeficiency
syndrome under upland conditions, the solubility relationships of native
forms of Fe as well as evaluation of the fertility status of heavy metals in contrasting
soils was studied following the Baker soil test (BST) method with a FORTRAN (F-
77) program. A preliminary greenhouse experiment was conducted on calcareous soil
to evaluate the effectiveness of soaked seeds of two rice cultivars (IR-64, Feinefficient
and Pusa Sughand-3, Fe-efficient) in solutions of 0.5M FeSO4.7H2O,
0.25M FeSO4.7H2O and 0.05M Fe-EDTA for 12 and 24 hours before sowing. As a
follow up to the preliminary experiment, second greenhouse experiment was
conducted to evaluate the relative effectiveness of soil application (67 mg
FeSO4.7H2O kg-1
), foliar sprays (3% FeSO4.7H2O solution, thrice 40, 60 and 75 days
after sowing of rice) and seed treatment (seed soaked in 0.05M Fe-EDTA for 12
hours) with Fe in alleviating Fe-deficiency using two rice cultivars (IR-64 and Pusa
Sugandh-3) grown on alkaline, calcareous, acid and lime-treated acid soils. The results
of Baker soil test indicated that the Fe3+ activity in all soils, except acid soils, nearly
approached the theoretical solubility line of known minerals namely soil-Fe,
amorphous, maghemite and lepidocrocite. The acid soils were sufficient for Fe in term
of quantity and intensity factor based on BST rating, while alkaline soils were
sufficient only in labile Fe. The rice plant-Fe content and yield of rice were positively
associated with intensity parameter of Fe in different soils. The results of preliminary
greenhouse experiment showed that significantly higher content of Fe2+ and dry
matter yield under soaked with 0.05M Fe-EDTA solutions for 12 hours. Pusa
Sugandh-3 performed better under aerobic condition compared to IR-64. Under
second greenhouse study, response of both the cultivars was similar to that observed
under preliminary experiment. Supplementation of Fe through soil application caused
improvement in the DTPA and NH4OAc extractable Fe in soils. The foliar application
of Fe (3% FeSO4.7H2O solution, thrice 40, 60 and 75 days after sowing of rice) was
more effective and economical in correcting Fe-deficiency, enhancing the yield as
well as increasing Fe content of milled rice (grain) grown under aerobic condition as
compared to soil application. Ferrous-iron content in rice plants proved to be a better
index of Fe nutrition status compared to total plant Fe and chemically extractable soil
Fe. The Fe2+ content of ≥ 42 mg kg-1
in plants (on dry weight basis) appeared to be an
adequate level at 45 days after sowing for direct seeded rice grown under upland
aerobic condition. Among the soils, acid soil (without lime) produced highest yield of
aerobic rice followed by alkaline, calcareous and lime-treated acid soils
 
Date 2016-12-15T11:42:53Z
2016-12-15T11:42:53Z
2012
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/90281
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher IARI, VISION OF SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY