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Status and Management of Turcicum Leaf Blight of Maize [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs.] in Kashmir Valley

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Title Status and Management of Turcicum Leaf Blight of Maize [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs.] in Kashmir Valley
 
Creator Wani, Tanveer Ahmad
 
Contributor Bhat, G N
 
Subject diseases, fungi, maize, biological phenomena, planting, fungicides, pathogens, biological development, extraction, plant extracts
Plant Pathology
 
Description PhD Thesis submitted to SKUAST Kashmir
The present study on status and management of Turcicum leaf blight of maize in Kashmir valley was conducted during 2012 and 2013. An extensive survey conducted in four districts of Kashmir valley viz., Anantnag, Baramulla, Ganderbal and Kupwara revealed that disease was prevalent in all the four districts. Mean disease incidence and intensity of 41.75 and 19.66 per cent were recorded in the year 2012 and that of 48.08 and 23.13 per cent during the year 2013, respectively. The disease was characterized by long spindle shaped necrotic lesions on leaves measuring up to 12.5 x 2.2 cm. The causal fungus was isolated and identified as Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs. The pathogen survived as mycelium, conidia and chlamydospores throughout winter on diseased plant debris left on the ground surface and when stored under protected conditions for fodder purpose. The pathogen survived for a maximum period of 24 months under protected conditions, 7-8 months under natural field conditions on the surface of soil and 4-5 months at 15 cm depth beyond which plant debris decomposed. The viability of conidia decreased with the period of time. Host range studies on pulses, grasses and weeds showed susceptible reaction of Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum halepense and Cynodon dactylon against E. turcicum. Sixty genotypes were screened under field conditions for resistance to E. turcicum and among these, two inbred lines, viz., NAI-112 and NAI-147, and one hybrid, viz., HQPM-1 were found resistant. Four inbred lines, viz., KDM 381 A, KDM 918 A, NAI-152 and NAI-167 were found susceptible, whereas remaining genotypes were moderately resistant to moderately susceptible. The in vitro efficacy of various non-systemic and systemic fungicides, bio-agents and plant extracts was carried out and among non-systemic fungicides, mancozeb was found best in inhibiting the mycelial growth of E. turcicum (95.23% mean inhibition), propiconazole among systemic fungicides was found best (96.51% mean inhibition), Trichoderma harzianum among bioagents was found best (76.38% inhibition) and among plant extracts neem oil inhibited maximum mycelial growth of E. turcicum (62.33%). The integrated disease management capsule was developed which showed that seed treatment with mancozeb followed by two foliar sprays at 40 and 50 DAS with propiconazole could effectively manage the disease with lowest disease intensity of 3.57 per cent giving highest grain and stover yield of 56.95 q/ha and 15.57 t/ha, respectively, as compared to control plot having highest disease intensity of 20.45 per cent with lowest grain and stover yield of 45.20 q/ha and 11.45t/ha, respectively.
SKUAST Kashmir
 
Date 2016-12-21T12:36:39Z
2016-12-21T12:36:39Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/91778
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf