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Sugarcane productivity and soil health under different levels and source of organics in Vertic Ustochrepts of South Gujarat

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Title Sugarcane productivity and soil health under different levels and source of organics in Vertic Ustochrepts of South Gujarat
 
Creator PATEL, VINUBHAI S.
 
Contributor BAFNA, A.M.
 
Subject planting, sugarcane, ratoons, crops, yields, harvesting, organic fertilizers, nutrients, fertilizers, research methods
 
Description Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) being widely grown in South Gujarat
and it is known as a heavy feeder crop of nutrients. Mostly nutrients are supplied
through inorganic fertilizers which adversely affect the physical and biological
properties of soils. As a result, the productivity of sugarcane in South Gujarat has
declined gradually with progress of time. Therefore, an investigation was carried out
using sugarcane as a test crop during 2005 - 2006 (plant) and 2006 - 2007 (ratoon)
at the College Farm, Navsar i Agricultural Universit y, Navsar i to stud y the
“Sugarcane productivity and soil health under different levels and source of organics
in Vertic Ustochrepts of South Gujarat". The treatments viz., T1: Bio compost @ 10
t/ha in two equal splits at planting and earthing up, T2: Bio compost @ 20 t/ha in two
equal splits at planting and earthing up, T3: Bio compost @ 10 t/ha at planting and
castor cake @1 t/ha at earthing up, T4: Castor cake @ 2 t/ha in two equal splits at
planting and earthing up, T5: Bio compost @ 10 t/ha at planting and poultry manure
@ 5 t/ha at earthing up, T6: Poultry manure @ 5 t/ha at planting and castor cake @1
t/ha at earthing up and T7: 100 % RDF were tested for plant and ratoon crop using
randomized block design with four replications.
- 30 -
The results pertaining to biometric observations viz., germination recorded at
30 and 60 days after planting of sugarcane, plant as well as millable cane height,
number of internodes/cane, cane girth, cane and trash yields recorded at harvesting of
plant and ratoon sugarcane were affected significantly due to the different manurial
treatments. However, treatment effects were not found to be significant for number of
millable cane/ha in plant and ratoon sugarcane. Among the different treatments, T7
receiving 100 per cent RDF to plant and ratoon sugarcane recorded significantly
higher cane (106.15 and 94.34 t/ha, respectively) and trash (29.89 and 25.58 t/ha,
respectively) yields which was followed by T5 and T6 treatments.
The periodical content of nutrients viz., N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant at
60, 120 and 180 DAP/DAR as well as in cane and trash at harvesting was influenced
significantly due to different manurial treatments except, P at 60 DAP in plant crop.
However, the effects of manurial treatments were found to be significant on the
periodical as well as total uptake of most of the nutrients by plant and ratoon
sugarcane except, N and P at 180 DAP/DAR and Cane of plant and P of trash. In
general, treatment T7 registered relatively higher values of total (cane + trash at
harvest) uptake of N (198.4 kg/ha), P (54.22 kg/ha) and K (202.23 kg/ha), while
treatment T5 registered relatively higher values of total (cane + trash at harvest)
uptake of Fe (11738 g/ha), Mn (2582 g/ha), Zn (1638 g/ha) and Cu (457 g/ha) by
plant sugarcane and their corresponding values for ratoon crop were 102.2 kg/ha,
30.51 kg/ha, 128.51 kg/ha, 6638 g/ha, 1853 g/ha, 1574 g/ha and 164 g/ha, however,
these higher values were not from T7 but from T5. In most of the cases, lower values
of nutrient uptake were recorded with the treatment T4.
Among the quality parameters studied, sucrose percentage in juice and cane,
fiber content, CCS per cent and commercial cane sugar yield of plant and only
commercial cane sugar yield of ratoon sugarcane were affected significantly due to
different manurial treatments in plant and ratoon sugarcane. Lower values of fiber
content of 14.67 per cent were recorded in treatment T5 in plant. In contrast, higher
values of CCS yield (15.07 and 11.74 t/ha) were recorded with treatment T7 receiving
major nutrients through inorganic fertilizers in plant and ratoon crop of sugarcane,
respectively.
From soil fertility point of view, pH, EC and organic carbon content in soil
were not altered significant due to different treatments during plant as well as ratoon
sugarcane. In general, the consistency of treatments to rank first by recording higher
available major nutrient in soil during plant and ratoon sugarcane crop period was
variated. Similarly, the periodical availability of DTPA extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu
in soil during plant and ratoon in sugarcane were also influenced significantly due to
different manurial treatments except, Cu at 60, 120 and after harvest in plant crop.
The treatments receiving organic manures recorded lower values of bulk
density than when only inorganic fertilizers were applied. The coarser fractions of
water stable aggregates (> 1.0 mm) were increased significantly due to combined
application of organics and inorganic fertilizers. This was also reflected on the
infiltration rate of the soil.
From economics point of view, treatment receiving 100 per cent RDF (T7) to
plant and ratoon crop was found more remunerative than the remaining manurial
treatments as this treatment out rightly recorded higher BCR value of 1:2.99, with net
realization of Rs.154355/ha on sequential basis. However, with 21.95 t/ha
scarification in yield and without compromising for quality and to maintain physical
and biological properties of soil, application of bio-compost @ 10 t/ha at planting
along with poultry manure @ 5 t/ha at earthing up is another option available to the
sugarcane growers of South Gujarat.
 
Date 2016-03-08T09:13:50Z
2016-03-08T09:13:50Z
2007-12
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/64894
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari