Sugarcane productivity and soil health under different levels and source of organics in Vertic Ustochrepts of South Gujarat
KrishiKosh
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Title |
Sugarcane productivity and soil health under different levels and source of organics in Vertic Ustochrepts of South Gujarat
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Creator |
PATEL, VINUBHAI S.
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Contributor |
BAFNA, A.M.
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Subject |
planting, sugarcane, ratoons, crops, yields, harvesting, organic fertilizers, nutrients, fertilizers, research methods
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Description |
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) being widely grown in South Gujarat and it is known as a heavy feeder crop of nutrients. Mostly nutrients are supplied through inorganic fertilizers which adversely affect the physical and biological properties of soils. As a result, the productivity of sugarcane in South Gujarat has declined gradually with progress of time. Therefore, an investigation was carried out using sugarcane as a test crop during 2005 - 2006 (plant) and 2006 - 2007 (ratoon) at the College Farm, Navsar i Agricultural Universit y, Navsar i to stud y the “Sugarcane productivity and soil health under different levels and source of organics in Vertic Ustochrepts of South Gujarat". The treatments viz., T1: Bio compost @ 10 t/ha in two equal splits at planting and earthing up, T2: Bio compost @ 20 t/ha in two equal splits at planting and earthing up, T3: Bio compost @ 10 t/ha at planting and castor cake @1 t/ha at earthing up, T4: Castor cake @ 2 t/ha in two equal splits at planting and earthing up, T5: Bio compost @ 10 t/ha at planting and poultry manure @ 5 t/ha at earthing up, T6: Poultry manure @ 5 t/ha at planting and castor cake @1 t/ha at earthing up and T7: 100 % RDF were tested for plant and ratoon crop using randomized block design with four replications. - 30 - The results pertaining to biometric observations viz., germination recorded at 30 and 60 days after planting of sugarcane, plant as well as millable cane height, number of internodes/cane, cane girth, cane and trash yields recorded at harvesting of plant and ratoon sugarcane were affected significantly due to the different manurial treatments. However, treatment effects were not found to be significant for number of millable cane/ha in plant and ratoon sugarcane. Among the different treatments, T7 receiving 100 per cent RDF to plant and ratoon sugarcane recorded significantly higher cane (106.15 and 94.34 t/ha, respectively) and trash (29.89 and 25.58 t/ha, respectively) yields which was followed by T5 and T6 treatments. The periodical content of nutrients viz., N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant at 60, 120 and 180 DAP/DAR as well as in cane and trash at harvesting was influenced significantly due to different manurial treatments except, P at 60 DAP in plant crop. However, the effects of manurial treatments were found to be significant on the periodical as well as total uptake of most of the nutrients by plant and ratoon sugarcane except, N and P at 180 DAP/DAR and Cane of plant and P of trash. In general, treatment T7 registered relatively higher values of total (cane + trash at harvest) uptake of N (198.4 kg/ha), P (54.22 kg/ha) and K (202.23 kg/ha), while treatment T5 registered relatively higher values of total (cane + trash at harvest) uptake of Fe (11738 g/ha), Mn (2582 g/ha), Zn (1638 g/ha) and Cu (457 g/ha) by plant sugarcane and their corresponding values for ratoon crop were 102.2 kg/ha, 30.51 kg/ha, 128.51 kg/ha, 6638 g/ha, 1853 g/ha, 1574 g/ha and 164 g/ha, however, these higher values were not from T7 but from T5. In most of the cases, lower values of nutrient uptake were recorded with the treatment T4. Among the quality parameters studied, sucrose percentage in juice and cane, fiber content, CCS per cent and commercial cane sugar yield of plant and only commercial cane sugar yield of ratoon sugarcane were affected significantly due to different manurial treatments in plant and ratoon sugarcane. Lower values of fiber content of 14.67 per cent were recorded in treatment T5 in plant. In contrast, higher values of CCS yield (15.07 and 11.74 t/ha) were recorded with treatment T7 receiving major nutrients through inorganic fertilizers in plant and ratoon crop of sugarcane, respectively. From soil fertility point of view, pH, EC and organic carbon content in soil were not altered significant due to different treatments during plant as well as ratoon sugarcane. In general, the consistency of treatments to rank first by recording higher available major nutrient in soil during plant and ratoon sugarcane crop period was variated. Similarly, the periodical availability of DTPA extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in soil during plant and ratoon in sugarcane were also influenced significantly due to different manurial treatments except, Cu at 60, 120 and after harvest in plant crop. The treatments receiving organic manures recorded lower values of bulk density than when only inorganic fertilizers were applied. The coarser fractions of water stable aggregates (> 1.0 mm) were increased significantly due to combined application of organics and inorganic fertilizers. This was also reflected on the infiltration rate of the soil. From economics point of view, treatment receiving 100 per cent RDF (T7) to plant and ratoon crop was found more remunerative than the remaining manurial treatments as this treatment out rightly recorded higher BCR value of 1:2.99, with net realization of Rs.154355/ha on sequential basis. However, with 21.95 t/ha scarification in yield and without compromising for quality and to maintain physical and biological properties of soil, application of bio-compost @ 10 t/ha at planting along with poultry manure @ 5 t/ha at earthing up is another option available to the sugarcane growers of South Gujarat. |
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Date |
2016-03-08T09:13:50Z
2016-03-08T09:13:50Z 2007-12 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/64894
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari
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