DRIP DESIGN AND FERTIGATION STUDY IN SWEET CORN (Zea mays Saccharata L)
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Title |
DRIP DESIGN AND FERTIGATION STUDY IN SWEET CORN (Zea mays Saccharata L)
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Creator |
NAIK, VIKASKUMAR R.
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Contributor |
PATIL, R.G.
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Subject |
irrigation, plant oils, yields, vegetables, confectionery, spacing, fertigation, grain, planting, diseases
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Description |
A field experiment entitled "Drip design and fertigation study in sweet corn" was conducted during rabi seasons of 2006-07 and 2007-08 on plot No. E-11/12 of Soil and Water Management Research Unit Farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari. The soil of the experimental field was clay in texture, low in available N (235 kg/ha), medium in available P (39 kg/ha) and fairly rich in available K (459 kg/ha). In all nine treatment combinations consisting of three levels each of drip lateral spacing (L1: 1.20 m, L2: 1.80 m and L3: 2.40 m) and fertigation (F1: 60 % RDF, F2: 80 % RDF and F3: 100 % RDF) along with one surface control (1.00 IW/CPE + 100 % RDF) were evaluated in factorial randomized block design with four replications. The sweet corn variety sugar-75 was sown on 20th December and 22nd November during 2006-07 and 2007-08, respectively. Plant height at 30 DAS was not affected significantly due to individual effects of L and F as well as their interactive effect during individual years and in pooled results. At 60 and 90 DAS only individual effects of L and F found to be significant and L1 and F3 found significantly better than their respective other levels in all most all the cases. During 2007-08 and in pooled results, control plot recorded taller plant than drip plots. The higher values of yield attributes viz., girth of cob, length of cob, number of rows per cob and number of grains per row were recorded with L1 and F3 levels of lateral spacing and fertigation, respectively. Similarly, combination of L1F3 found to be significantly superior to rest of the combinations in all the cases. Of course, in some of the cases L1F2 was found to be at par with L1F3. With an exception of length of cob, remaining attributes did not show significant differences between control and treatment mean. With respect to green yield of cob and stover, the main effect of L and F were conspicuous during individual years as well as in pooled results. On pooled basis, L1 among lateral spacing recorded significantly higher yield of 16.90 t of cob and 12.62 t stover per hectare as compared to L2 and L3. The magnitude of increase in green cob and stover yields with L1 over L3 was 162 and 158 per cent, respectively. Among the fertigation levels, F3 showed superiority over F2 and F1. An increase in green cob with F3 over F1 was 40 per cent and for green stover it was 37 per cent. Among all the possible combinations of L and F, the best combination turn out to be L1F3 by recording significantly higher yield of 19.7 t green cob and 14.60 t green stover per hectare. The extent of reduction in green cob yield with F1 over F3 was 51 per cent at L1, 27 per cent at L2 and 18 per cent at L3 lateral spacing. The differences between control and treatment mean were significant and in all the cases control plot recorded significantly higher values of green cob and stover in comparison to treatment mean. The dry matter yields of grain, stover and husksunk followed al most an identical trend as that of green cob and stover yields. The N, P and K content in sweet corn grain, stover and husk-sunk was not affected significantly due to any of the treatments. In contrast, the uptake of N, P and K through grain, stover, husk-sunk and total was affected significantly due to individual effects of L and F as well as their interactive effect. The L1 among lateral spacing and F3 among fertigation rates recorded significantly higher uptake of N, P and K through all the components individually and jointly of sweet corn. The combination L1F3 registered significantly higher value of N, P and K uptake through grain, stover, husk-sunk and total as compared to rest of the combinations in all the cases. For instance, the total removal of N, P and K by corn with L1F3 was 69.5, 25.9 and 82.4 kg/ha, respectively. The surface control recorded higher uptake of N, P and K through grain, stover, husk-sunk and total in comparison to drip mean. However, it was significantly lesser than the best drip treatment. Protein content in sweet corn grain was not affected significantly due to main effect of L and F as well as their interactive effect. Whereas, the total sugar, reducing sugar and nonreducing sugar content in sweet corn were conspicuously affected due to main effect of fertigation. In all the cases, F3 recorded higher values of total sugar (28.76%), reducing sugar (3.80%) and non-reducing sugar (23.71%) in comparison to F2 and F1. The different sugars and protein content in sweet corn grain did not differ significantly between surface control and treatment mean. Irrespective of lateral spacing and distance from dripper, the moisture content in soil at 0-15 cm depth was less than the 15-30 cm depth. With respect to distance from dripper, the moisture content in soil was found to decrease with increase in distance from point source. The available N and K content in surface soil i.e., 0-15 cm depth was more than subsurface layer (15-30 cm). Irrespective of levels of fertigation, the available N and K content in both the layers was tended to decline as the distance from dripper is increasing. The only difference was decrease in available N content in soil was observed up to 90 cm distance from dripper, while in case of available K, it was up to 60 cm distance from dripper only. Among the drip treatments, L1F3 recorded considerably higher values of Rs. 2,26,520, Rs. 57,200 and Rs. 1,69,320 per hectare of gross realization, cost of cultivation and net realization, respectively with BCR of 2.96. The corresponding values for L3F1 were Rs. 68,940/ha, Rs. 49,685/ha and Rs. 19,255/ha with BCR of 0.39. The extent of increase in net realization with L1F3 over surface control is around 100 per cent. On the basis of the results obtained in present investigation, it is concluded that the profitable production of sweet corn can be achieved by adopting drip method of irrigation (lateral spacing- 1.2 m, dripper spacing- 1.0, dripper discharge- 8 lph) along with saving of irrigation water to the extent of around 30 per cent. |
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Date |
2016-03-22T13:51:32Z
2016-03-22T13:51:32Z 2011-01 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65372
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari
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