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Effect of different proportion of organic manures on yield and quality of organically grown papaya

KrishiKosh

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Title Effect of different proportion of organic manures on yield and quality of organically grown papaya
 
Creator Italiya, A.P.
 
Contributor Bafna, A.M.
 
Subject fruits, papayas, planting, yields, nutrients, organic fertilizers, harvesting, fertilizers, composting, nutrient management
 
Description A field experiment on papaya consisting of eight treatment combinations involving different proportion of three organics on N equivalent basis [O 1 : 50 % RDN through bio compost (BC) + 50 % RDN through castor cake (CC), O 2 : 50 % RDN through bio compost + 50 % RDN through vermi compost (VC), O3 : 50 % RDN through bio compost + 25 % RDN through vermi compost + 25 % through castor cake and O 4 : 33.3 % RDN through bio compost + 33.3 % RDN through vermi compost + 33.4 % RDN through castor cake] and two levels of banana pseudostem sap application (S 0: without sap and S 1 : with sap @ 8 l/plant) along with one INM controls outside the organic farm were tested in FRBD with three replications at Organic Farm, F-block, NAU, Navsari during 2009-10 and 2010-11.
The results of present study revealed that among the organics treatments, application of BC: VC: CC in the proportion of 33.3: 33.3: 33.4 (O 4 ) showed superiority with respect to growth and yield parameters of papaya over O 1 and O 2 but it was closely followed by O 3 treatment (BC 50: VC 25: CC 25). The values recorded with O 4 treatment of plant height at harvest (123.06 cm), stem girth at harvest (35.64 cm), petiole length (46.33 cm), number of leaves/plant (33), number of fruits/plant (22.33),
average fruit weight (0.956 kg), fruit yield/plant (21.68 kg) and fruit yield (68.83 t/ha) were significantly higher as compared to rest of the organic treatments.
On pooled basis the application of sap @ 8 l/plant in 8 equal splits (S 1 ) increased the plant height, girth, number of fruits/plant and fruit yield (t/ha) by 12.3, 17.0, 6.8 and 11.2 per cent, espectively over no application of sap.
Similarly, the yield attributes viz., average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and fruit yield (t/ha) were also differed significantly between the mean of organics treatments and INM control. In all the parameters INM control recorded significantly higher values as compared to mean of organics treatments. The magnitude of increase in parameters viz., plant height, girth, petiole length, number of leaves per plant, average fruit weight, number of fruit per plant, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield (t/ha) at the harvest with INM control was 16.7, 16.5, 37.4, 21.9, 21.2, 9.1, 31.5 and 31.4 per cent, spectively, over the mean of organics treatments.
Among the organics treatments, O4 treatment recorded significantly higher values of total uptake (petiole + leaves + fruit) of all the nutrients as compared to O 2 and O 1, but it was at par with O
3 in some of the cases. The total uptake (leaves + petiole + fruit) of nutrients viz., N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu by papaya crop did not differ significantly between organic mean and INM control. Despite significant difference in dry matter yield of individual parts of papaya and nutrient content and uptake by respective part, the differences of total uptake of nutrient between organic mean and INM mean were turned out to be not significant.
The per cent distribution values of uptake clearly revealed that under O 4 treatment, the accumulation of all the nutrients was more in fruit than O 1 treatment. For instance, the accumulation of N, P and K in fruit with O4 treatment was 37.69, 24.08 and 33.09 per cent as against the respective values recorded with O 1 were 33.21, 19.31 and 25.53 per cent. The results further revealed that pplication of sap (S 1 ) also increased the translocation of N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu from vegetative to reproductive parts as compared to no application of sap. The magnitude of increase in accumulation of N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in fruit with S1 treatment was 37.8, 24.3, 30.9, 1.1, 0.6, 2.3 and 3.4 per cent, respectively over S 0 .
Among the organics treatments, O4 i.e., application of BC: VC: CC in equal proportion recorded significantly higher values of shelf life, ascorbic acid, total sugar and reduce sugar content in papaya fruit as compared to O 2 and O 1, but O 3 was next in ranking. The values of shelf life, ascorbic acid, total sugar and reducing sugar recorded with O 4 treatment were 9, 7, 8 and 8 per cent more than O 1 treatment. Similarly, application of pseudostem sap also exerted significant beneficial effect on quality parameters in comparison to its no application. Contrarily to this, titratable acidity was higher with INM as compared to organics mean.
The organics treatment did not exert any significant effect on soil pH, salinity, organic C, available N, P, Zn and Cu content in both the depth of soil. There was no significant difference between the means of organic treatments and INM mean with respect to EC and pH of soil. The content of available K, Fe and Mn only in surface layer of soil was affected significantly due to organics treatment during both the years. In all the case, O4 recorded significantly higher values of available K, Fe and Mn as compared to O 2 and O 1 but it was closely followed by O 3 treatment. An application of sap could significantly increase the content of organic C, available N and K mostly in surface soil during both the years. The application of sap significantly improved the availability of Mn during both the years and Zn during second year only in subsurface soil.
However, the soil fertility parameters viz., organic carbon, available N, P and K content were significantly higher with organic treatment mean in comparison to INM. The results further revealed that this effect was more pronounced in surface layer than subsurface strata. With respect to available micronutrients cations in soil, all the cations were significantly more with organic treatment mean than INM control.
Like soil fertility, physical properties viz., BD, HC and WAS of soil were also favorably improved under organic nutrient management system in comparison to INM system. Similarly, there was tremendous increase in both the fractions of aggregation under organic nutrient management system over INM.
In order to know the economic viability of both the system, the economics was computed in two way i.e. selling price same for organic as well as INM fruit and premium price for fruits of organic nutrient management system. At same price of fruit, the net profit realized with INM was Rs. 3,07,520/ha with BCR of 3.3 as against the net profit of Rs. 1,32,224/ha with BCR of 0.77 with organic treatment mean. The best organic treatment O 4 the net profit (1, 61, 787 Rs/ha) was almost half of the INM. Alternative scenario generated by considering premium price for organic product (Rs 10/kg), the net income realized was raised to Rs. 4,32,674/ha with BC of 2.53. This was also true for S 0 and S 1, where S 1 recorded net profit of Rs. 4,47,914/ha with premium price as against Rs. 4, 08,506/ha with S 0 .
 
Date 2016-05-28T08:26:22Z
2016-05-28T08:26:22Z
2012
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66416
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher NAU