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EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING MICRO ORGANISMS ON FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SEEDLING DISEASES IN GROUNDNUT

KrishiKosh

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Title EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING MICRO ORGANISMS ON FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SEEDLING DISEASES IN GROUNDNUT
 
Creator THAMMADI JYOTHIRMAI
 
Contributor KRISHNA RAO, V
 
Subject PLANT, GROWTH, PROMOTING, MICRO, ORGANISMS, FUNGI, ASSOCIATED, SEEDLING, DISEASES
 
Description Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)is the 13th most important food crop of the world
and one of the principal oilseed crops grown in India, covering nearly half of the area
under oilseeds. It is the world’s 4th most important source of edible oil and 3rd most
important source of vegetable protein. Groundnut seeds contain high quality edible oil (50
per cent) rich in easily digestible proteins (25 per cent) and carbohydrates (20 per cent).
Being a legume, it is also valued for its N2-fixing capacity through the root nodule bacteria
and also forms an important member in many crop rotations. but its productivity is very
low. Many biotic and abiotic stresses accounts for low productivity of groundnut. In recent
years, seedling diseases of groundnut caused by complex soil borne fungi viz., Aspergillus
niger, Rhizoctonia bataticola were prevalent in almost all the parts of country resulting in
seed rot and seedling diseases.
The pathogens Aspergillus niger and Rhizoctonia bataticola were isolated from the
diseased plants of groundnut which were collected from Warangal and Ananthapur
districts of Andhra Pradesh. An inoculum level of 5 per cent was identified as optimum
infection threshold levels of both the test pathogens i.e., Aspergillus niger and Rhizoctonia
bataticola following soil infestation method with groundnut cv. TMV-2.
Native fungi and bacteria were isolated from rhizosphere and rhizoplane of
groundnut plants following serial dilution plate count technique. All the native isolates
along with commercial formulations were screened for their antagonistic activity against
test pathogens viz., Aspergillus niger and Rhizoctonia bataticola by following dual culture
technique in vitro.
Among the tested native isolates and commercial formulations, native fungal
isolate Trichoderma sp. and native fluorescent pseudomonad isolate-1 were found to be
superior in inhibiting both the test pathogens. Trichoderma sp. (native) inhibited the test
pathogens A. niger and R. bataticola by 72.05 per cent and 69.92 per cent, respectively.
While fluorescent pseudomonad native isolate-1 inhibited the test pathogens A. niger and
R. bataticola by 63.67 per cent and 67.31 per cent, respectively. The potential native
isolates of antagonists i.e., Trichoderma sp. and fluorescent pseudomonad isolate-1 were
further used for testing their efficacy under green house studies.
Combined application of seed treatment with Trichoderma sp. @ 4 g kg-1 seed
followed by soil application @ 2 5 g kg-1 soil along with seed treatment with fluorescent
pseudomonad isolate-1 @ 10 g kg-1 seed followed by soil application @ 2 g kg-1 was found
to be superior in not only increasing the plant growth parameters 40 per cent to 90 per cent,
but also resulted in reduction seedling disease complex by 89.28 and 92.68 per cent and
87.61 per cent reduction in population levels of test pathogens A. niger and R. bataticola
when compared to control with groundnut cv. TMV-2 in soil infested with A. niger and R.
bataticola pathogen complex. The reduction of seedling disease complex resulted an
increase in pod yield by 87.50 per cent when compared to inoculated control. The tested
biocontrol agents were also proved to be beneficial in increasing the plant growth as
indicated by an increase of 96.40 and 71.43 per cent in plant root length and shoot length,
43.19 and 58.65 per cent in root dry weight and shoot dry weight when compared to
control.
 
Date 2016-07-30T13:52:28Z
2016-07-30T13:52:28Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/70286
 
Language en
 
Relation D8317;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD