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Genetic improvement for oil quality through induced mutagenesis in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

KrishiKosh

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Title Genetic improvement for oil quality through induced mutagenesis in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
 
Creator Kavera
 
Contributor H.L.Nadaf
 
Subject Genetic Plant Breeding
 
Description Oils having high oleic acid and reduced linoleic acid are the most stable and desirable
from nutritional point of view. The present investigation was aimed towards oil quality
improvement in two cultivars (GPBD-4 and TPG-41) of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
through induced mutagenesis using chemical (EMS- 0.5%) and physical mutagens, gamma
rays (200 and 300 Gy) and was undertaken from 2004 to 2007 at Seed Unit, UAS, Dharwad.
Mutagen treatment with EMS (0.5%) in GPBD-4 and gamma rays at 300 Gy in TPG-
41 were found to be effective in increasing the variability for fatty acid content. Greater
magnitude of induced variability was found for oleic acid (37.40%-75.16%), linoleic acid
(9.01-40.30%) and O/L ratio (0.95-8.34). Mutant, GE-113 (74.48%, 9.17% and 8.12)
recorded significant increase in oleic acid, reduced linoleic acid and highly increased O/L
ratio compared to control GPBD-4 (50.87%, 29% and 1.76) and far exceeded the O/L ratio
reported (3.23) from both national and world germplasm collections.
The correlation studies indicated that there existed highly significant negative
correlation between oleic acid and palmitc acid, linoleic acid and iodine value and no
undesirable association of these with the agronomic traits of economic importance.
Mutant GE-273 characterized by low O/L ratio (1.16) compared to control (1.76)
produced a very distinct band profile for most of the RAPD primers screened indicating
larger extent of alteration in its DNA sequence.
The superior mutants for O/L ratio (94 and 44), pod yield (8 and 11), oil content (10
and 25), protein content (50 and 42), 100-seed weight (45 and 62) from mutant populations of
GPBD-4 and TPG-41 respectively were isolated which recorded significant increase
compared to their respective parents. Superior mutants with combined features of
productivity, oil quality and resistance to foliar diseases have been identified that would
revolutionize oil industry and health status of economically poor sections of Indian and
global population.
 
Date 2016-07-22T16:07:43Z
2016-07-22T16:07:43Z
2008
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/69434
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher UAS Dharwad