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Effect of tropospheric ozone (O3) on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its amelioration using natural protectants

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Title Effect of tropospheric ozone (O3) on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its amelioration using natural protectants
Ph D
 
Creator AMRITA DARIPA
 
Contributor Arti Bhatia
 
Subject ---
 
Description T-8688
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is one of the most harmful air pollutants affecting agriculture by
reducing yields and degrading the quality of agricultural products. There are reports of
decrease in yield of cereals including wheat due to tropospheric O3. The use of some
antioxidant chemicals have been reported for overcoming ozone related yield losses.
Experiments were conducted growing wheat under elevated ozone along with application of
different antioxidant chemicals in the farms of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New
Delhi during rabi (winter) 2010-11 and 2011-12. The wheat plants were exogenously sprayed
with three antioxidant chemicals of 1% Ascorbic acid (AA), 100 ppm Quercetin (Q) and 10%
Marigold leaves extract (Tagetes patula L.) (T) and were compared with wheat grown under
charcoal filtered air (CF) and elevated ozone alone (C). Wheat with charcoal filtered air (CF)
which had sub ambient O3 concentration and 25-35ppb of additional O3 over the ambient O3
levels was maintained in all the other treatments. The seasonal average mean ambient O3
concentration in was 38 ppb in 2010-11 and 29 ppb in 2011-12 during the crop growth
period. The treatments were compared measuring the conventional growth parameters and
also using the hyperspectral remote sensing approach. The Photosynthetic rate (PN) of the
plants treated with antioxidants significantly increased by 23, 17 and 12% in 2010-11 and by
22, 18 and 10% in 2011-12 in ascorbic acid, quercetin and marigold leaves extract treatments
respectively as compared to elevated ozone control at flowering and milking stage. There was
a significant increase in stomatal conductance, specific leaf area, leaf area index, total
chlorophyll and carotenoid content at flowering stage in both the years as compared to
elevated ozone control. The application of antioxidant increased the yield of wheat by 23 and
26% in ascorbic acid, 13 and 15% in quercitin and 10 and 8% in Tagetus treatments as
compared to elevated ozone control in 2010-11 and 2011-12 respectively. Similar kind of
responses during both the years were successfully captured through hyperspectral data as
indicated by the growth indices of NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index), SAVI
(soil adjusted vegetation index) and pigment indices of NPCI (normalized pigment
chlorophyll index) and SIPI (structure intensive pigment index). Results of both conventional
and remote sensing parameters clearly suggest that application of Ascorbic acid, Quercitin
and Tagetus leaf extract may be effective in alleviating the negative impacts of O3 in wheat.
 
Date 2016-09-26T16:03:24Z
2016-09-26T16:03:24Z
2012
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/78938
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher IARI, DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES