Effect of tropospheric ozone (O3) on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its amelioration using natural protectants
KrishiKosh
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Title |
Effect of tropospheric ozone (O3) on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its amelioration using natural protectants
Ph D |
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Creator |
AMRITA DARIPA
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Contributor |
Arti Bhatia
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Subject |
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Description |
T-8688
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is one of the most harmful air pollutants affecting agriculture by reducing yields and degrading the quality of agricultural products. There are reports of decrease in yield of cereals including wheat due to tropospheric O3. The use of some antioxidant chemicals have been reported for overcoming ozone related yield losses. Experiments were conducted growing wheat under elevated ozone along with application of different antioxidant chemicals in the farms of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during rabi (winter) 2010-11 and 2011-12. The wheat plants were exogenously sprayed with three antioxidant chemicals of 1% Ascorbic acid (AA), 100 ppm Quercetin (Q) and 10% Marigold leaves extract (Tagetes patula L.) (T) and were compared with wheat grown under charcoal filtered air (CF) and elevated ozone alone (C). Wheat with charcoal filtered air (CF) which had sub ambient O3 concentration and 25-35ppb of additional O3 over the ambient O3 levels was maintained in all the other treatments. The seasonal average mean ambient O3 concentration in was 38 ppb in 2010-11 and 29 ppb in 2011-12 during the crop growth period. The treatments were compared measuring the conventional growth parameters and also using the hyperspectral remote sensing approach. The Photosynthetic rate (PN) of the plants treated with antioxidants significantly increased by 23, 17 and 12% in 2010-11 and by 22, 18 and 10% in 2011-12 in ascorbic acid, quercetin and marigold leaves extract treatments respectively as compared to elevated ozone control at flowering and milking stage. There was a significant increase in stomatal conductance, specific leaf area, leaf area index, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content at flowering stage in both the years as compared to elevated ozone control. The application of antioxidant increased the yield of wheat by 23 and 26% in ascorbic acid, 13 and 15% in quercitin and 10 and 8% in Tagetus treatments as compared to elevated ozone control in 2010-11 and 2011-12 respectively. Similar kind of responses during both the years were successfully captured through hyperspectral data as indicated by the growth indices of NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index), SAVI (soil adjusted vegetation index) and pigment indices of NPCI (normalized pigment chlorophyll index) and SIPI (structure intensive pigment index). Results of both conventional and remote sensing parameters clearly suggest that application of Ascorbic acid, Quercitin and Tagetus leaf extract may be effective in alleviating the negative impacts of O3 in wheat. |
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Date |
2016-09-26T16:03:24Z
2016-09-26T16:03:24Z 2012 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/78938
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
IARI, DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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