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EFFECT OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AT CRITICAL GROWTH STAGES AND FERTILITY LEVELS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUMMER SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.)

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Title EFFECT OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AT CRITICAL GROWTH STAGES AND FERTILITY LEVELS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUMMER SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.)
 
Creator THANKI RAMESHKUMAR BHAGVANJI
 
Contributor JADAV K. V.
 
Subject IRRIGATION
AGRONOMY BY
 
Description A field experiment entitled “Effect of irrigation scheduling at critical growth stages and fertility levels on growth, yield and quality of summer sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)” was conducted on clayey soil of Cotton Research Centre, Khapat Farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Porbandar during the summer seasons of two consecutive years 2007 and 2008. The experiment consisting twenty four treatments of all the possible combinations of four levels of irrigation viz., Irrigation at branching, flowering, capsule development and seed development (I1), Irrigation at branching, capsule development and seed development (I2), Irrigation at branching , flowering and seed development (I3) and Irrigation at flowering and capsule development (I4) as a main plot treatment and six levels of fertility viz., 00-00-00 (F1), 25-12.50-00 (F2), 50-25-00 (F3), 50-25-25 (F4), 75-50-00(F5), 75-50-50 (F6) NPK kg ha-1 as sub-plot treatment were evaluated using split plot design with four replications.
The results revealed that effects of different levels of irrigation was failed to exert their significant effect on initial and final
plant population, plant height at 30 DAS and attaining 50 per cent flowering during 2007, 2008 and in pooled results.
Irrigation scheduling at I1 (Irrigation at branching, capsule development and seed development) and I2 (Irrigation at branching, capsule development and seed development) did not differ remarkably but recorded significantly higher growth parameters viz., plant height at 60 DAS (51.48 cm) and at harvest (73.19 cm), number of effective branches per plant at harvest (3.50) during both the years and in pooled results. Yield attributes viz., number of capsule per plant (48.79), length of capsule (2.03 cm), number of seeds per capsule (59.90) and 1000- seed weight (3.12 g) recorded significantly higher under I1 and remained at par with irrigation treatment I2 in pooled results. While treatments I1 recorded significantly higher seed yield per plant (4.06 g/plant), seed yield (971 kg ha-1), stover yield (1325 kg ha-1) and harvest index (42.3 %) than that recorded in rest of the treatments.
Oil content in seeds remain unaffected due to different levels of irrigation. However, oil yield (511.00 kg ha-1) and protein content (27.57 %) was showed their significant influence with irrigation scheduling at branching, flowering, capsule development and seed development (I1) than rest of the irrigation schedules.
Nutrient content and uptake viz., nitrogen content by seed (4.41 %) and stover (2.17 %), P content by seed (0.87 %) and stover (0.43 %) and N uptake by seed (42.78 kg ha-1) and stover (28.85 kg ha-1), P uptake by seed (8.44 kg ha-1) and stover (5.72 kg ha-1) and K uptake by seed (8.02 kg ha-1) and stover (12.19 kg ha-1) were significantly higher under irrigation treatment I1 than other treatments. While treatments I1 and I2 remained comparable and
recorded significantly higher K content by seed (0.82 %) and stover (0.92 %) than rest of the treatments. The water use efficiency was higher under I4 (3.29 kg grain/ha-mm) than I1, I2 and I3 treatments. Maximum net realization of Rs. 48189, 42999 and 45594 ha-1 with 3.84, 3.40 and 3.62 B:C:R obtained with irrigation at branching, flowering, capsule development and seed development (I1) during the year 2007-08, 2008-09 and in pooled results, respectively.
The results revealed that effects of different levels of fertility was failed to exert their significant effect on initial and final plant population, harvest index and 50 per cent flowering during 2007-08, 2008-09 and in pooled results.
Application of fertility levels @ 75-50-50 kg NPK ha-1 (F6) recorded significantly higher growth parameters viz., plant height at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest, number of effective branches per plant at harvest and yield attributes viz., number capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, seed yield per plant, stover yield and 1000 seed weight. However, it remained comparable with 75-50-00 kg NPK ha-1 (F5). Similarly, treatments F6 (75-50-50 kg NPK ha-1), F5 (75-50-00 kg NPK ha-1) and F4 (50-25-25 kg NPK ha-1) did not differ significantly but, recorded significantly higher length of capsule and oil content. Application of 75-50-50 kg NPK ha-1 produced significantly higher seed yield (836 kg ha-1), oil yield (448 kg ha-1), protein content (27.85 %) and water use efficiency (3.34 kg ha-1mm-1) than rest of the fertility levels.
Nutrient content and uptake viz., nitrogen content and uptake by seed and stover, P content and uptake by seed and stover and K content and uptake by seed and stover were significantly higher under the application of 75-50-50 kg NPK ha-1 in pooled results.
Maximum net realization of Rs. 35728 was secured under the application of 75-50-50 kg NPK ha-1. While the 2.91 B:C:R was obtained under this fertility level.
The interactive effects between irrigation schedules and fertility levels (IxF) in respect of growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, quality parameters, content and uptake were found significant. Irrigating the crop at branching, flowering, capsule development and seed development with application of 75-50-50 kg NPK ha-1 I1F6 or 75-50-00 kg NPK ha-1 (I1F5) were found significant for number of effective branches per plant at harvest, length of capsule and number of seed per capsule. While, treatment combination I1F6(Irrigation at branching, flowering, capsule development and seed development with application of 75-50-50 kg NPK ha-1) recorded significantly higher number of capsules per plant, seed yield per plant, seed yield and stover yield of sesame, harvest index, 1000 seed weight, protein content and nitrogen content in seed, oil yield and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by seed, N, P and K content in stover, total N, uptake, water use efficiency, net return and B:C:R. However, it remained at par with I1F0 in case of seed yield kg ha-1, oil yield and N uptake by seed.
Based on the two years field experimentation, it is seems quite logical to conclude that for securing higher seed yield and economical return from summer sesame crop under South Saurashtra Agro-climatic conditions, the crop should be irrigated at branching, flowering, capsule development and seed development growth stages and fertilized with application of 75-50-50 kg NPK ha-1.
 
Date 2016-09-21T10:41:05Z
2016-09-21T10:41:05Z
2010-12
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/77936
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf