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EFFECT OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON WEED DYNAMICS, SOIL MICRO FLORA AND PERFORMANCE OF WHEAT

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Title EFFECT OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON WEED DYNAMICS, SOIL MICRO FLORA AND PERFORMANCE OF WHEAT
 
Creator Dewangan, Yeman Kumar
 
Contributor Kolhe, Dr. S.S.
Pandey, Dr. Narendra
Saxena, Dr. R.R.
Chaudhary, Dr. Tapas
 
Subject weeds, tillage, control methods, wheats, yields, cultivation, crops, developmental stages, crop residues, sowing
 
Description The Field experiment on “Effect of tillage and weed management practices on weed dynamics, soil micro-flora and performance of wheat” was conducted during rabi seasons of 2009-10 and 2010-11 at the Research cum Instructional Farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh). Two different experiments on wheat crop were undertaken during two consecutive rabi season of 2009-2010 & 2010-2011. The first experiment comprised of nine different treatments (mulches and herbicides) viz. neem leaves mulch @ 5 t ha-1 (W1), rice straw mulch @ 5 t ha-1 (W2), black polythene mulch (W3 ), pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg ha-1 as pre emergence (PE) at 2 DAS (W4 ), sulfosulfuron@ 25g ha-1 as post emergence (PoE) at 25 DAS (W5), PE application of pendimethalin@ 1.0 kg ha-1 followed by PoE of sulfosulfuron @ 25g ha-1 (W6), criss cross sowing (W7), hand weeding at 30 DAS (W8) and, unweeded control (W9). The treatments were laid out in randomized block design with three replications. In second experiment treatments were divided into horizontal and vertical plots in strip plot design with three replications. The horizontal plots were divided into six weed management practices and vertical plots were divided into three tillage practices. The treatments comprised of unweeded control (W1) , pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg ha-1 as pre emergence (PE) (W2), sulfosulfuron@ 25gha-1 as post-emergence(PoE) (W3), pendimethalin@1.0 kg ha-1 (PE) followed by sulfosulfuron @ 25g ha-1 (PoE) (W4), hand weeding at 30 DAS (W5) and black polythene mulch (W6) in horizontal plot under weed management practices and conventional tillage (T1), minimum tillage (T2) and zero tillage (T3) in vertical plots under tillage management practices. The wheat crop variety cv. Kanchan was sown on 24th November 2009 and 28th November 2010 and harvested on 24th March 2010 and 29th March 2011, respectively.
The first experiment on wheat crop involving different mulches and herbicides revealed that during both the years various growth characters (crop stand m-2
, plant height, dry matter accumulation plant-1) , yield attributes ( number of tillers m-2, length of spikes, number of spikelet, test weight ), grain yield (18.57 q ha-1), straw yield, soil moisture content, NPK uptake, energy use efficiency and energy productivity, gross return ( 24872.1 ha-1) and net return ( 8699.6 ha-1) were higher under pre emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg ha-1 followed by post emergence application of sulfosulfuron @ 25 g ha-1 (W6) followed by hand weeding at 30 DAS(W8). The weeds flora namely Brachiaria mutica , Medicago denticulata , Melilotus indica were the predominant weeds in the experiment field of wheat. Pre emergence application of pendimethalin @1.0 kgha-1 followed by post emergence application of sulfosulfuron @ 25g ha-1 (W6) was effective in controlling the both grassy as well as broad leaved weeds. Maximum dehydrogenase activity (DHA) was found under unweeded control at all the observation (10, 20, 30, 40 DAS and at harvest stage) except initial stage i.e. at sowing stage. Among the non herbicidal treatments, highest dehydrogenase activity was found with hand weeding at 30 DAS at all the stages of observation except at sowing time.
The second experiment comprised of weed and tillage management practices revealed that various plant growth characters (crop stand m-2 , plant height, dry matter accumulation plant-1), yield attributes ( number of tillers m-2, length of spikes, number of spikelet, test weight), grain yield (16.8 q ha-1) , straw yield, soil moisture content, NPK uptake, energy use efficiency and energy productivity, gross return ( 21326.96 ha-1) and net return ( 5701.13 ha-1) were higher under pre emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg ha-1 followed by post emergence application of sulfosulfuron @ 25 g ha-1 (W4) and it was followed by hand weeding at 30 DAS (W5). Among the tillage management practices, better growth and yield attributes in terms of maximum number of crop stand m-2, plant height, tillers, dry matter accumulation, length of spikes, number of spikelet , test weight, grain yield (19.55 q ha-1), NPK uptake, maximum energy use efficiency and energy productivity were obtained with conventional tillage (T1) which was followed by minimum tillage (T2) and zero tillage (T3). Maximum gross return ( 24693.42 ha-1) and net return ( 8141.76 ha-1) were also
recorded under conventional tillage followed by minimum and zero tillage . The lowest weed population m-2 was noted under conventional tillage (T1) during both the years. Conventional tillage proved significantly superior than other tillage practices in minimizing the population of different weeds.The dehydrogenase activity (DHA) was also found maximum under conventional tillage as compared to minimum and zero tillage at all the stages of observations .
 
Date 2016-02-10T14:46:07Z
2016-02-10T14:46:07Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/64289
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur