EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PROPORTION OF ORGANIC MANURES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF ORGANICALLY GROWN PAPAYA
KrishiKosh
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Title |
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PROPORTION OF ORGANIC MANURES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF ORGANICALLY GROWN PAPAYA
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Creator |
ITALIYA, ASHOK P.
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Contributor |
BAFNA, A.M.
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Subject |
fruits, papayas, planting, yields, nutrients, organic fertilizers, harvesting, fertilizers, composting, nutrient management
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Description |
A field experiment on papaya consisting of eight treatment combinations involving different proportion of three organics on N equivalent basis [O1: 50 % RDN through bio compost (BC) + 50 % RDN through castor cake (CC), O2: 50 % RDN through bio compost + 50 % RDN through vermi compost (VC), O3: 50 % RDN through bio compost + 25 % RDN through vermi compost + 25 % through castor cake and O4: 33.3 % RDN through bio compost + 33.3 % RDN through vermi compost + 33.4 % RDN through castor cake] and two levels of banana pseudostem sap application (S0: without sap and S1: with sap @ 8 l/plant) along with one INM controls outside the organic farm were tested in FRBD with three replications at Organic Farm, F-block, NAU, Navsari during 2009-10 and 2010-11. The results of present study revealed that among the organics treatments, application of BC: VC: CC in the proportion of 33.3: 33.3: 33.4 (O4) showed superiority with respect to growth and yield parameters of papaya over O1 and O2 but it was closely followed by O3 treatment (BC 50: VC 25: CC 25). The values recorded with O4 treatment of plant height at harvest (123.06 cm), stem girth at harvest (35.64 cm), petiole length (46.33 cm), number of leaves/plant (33), number of fruits/plant (22.33), average fruit weight (0.956 kg), fruit yield/plant (21.68 kg) and fruit yield vi (68.83 t/ha) were significantly higher as compared to rest of the organic treatments. On pooled basis the application of sap @ 8 l/plant in 8 equal splits (S1) increased the plant height, girth, number of fruits/plant and fruit yield (t/ha) by 12.3, 17.0, 6.8 and 11.2 per cent, respectively over no application of sap. Similarly, the yield attributes viz., average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and fruit yield (t/ha) were also differed significantly between the mean of organics treatments and INM control. In all the parameters INM control recorded significantly higher values as compared to mean of organics treatments. The magnitude of increase in parameters viz., plant height, girth, petiole length, number of leaves per plant, average fruit weight, number of fruit per plant, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield (t/ha) at the harvest with INM control was 16.7, 16.5, 37.4, 21.9, 21.2, 9.1, 31.5 and 31.4 per cent, respectively, over the mean of organics treatments. Among the organics treatments, O4 treatment recorded significantly higher values of total uptake (petiole + leaves + fruit) of all the nutrients as compared to O2 and O1, but it was at par with O3 in some of the cases. The total uptake (leaves + petiole + fruit) of nutrients viz., N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu by papaya crop did not differ significantly between organic mean and INM control. Despite significant difference in dry matter yield of individual parts of papaya and nutrient content and uptake by respective part, the differences of total uptake of nutrient between organic mean and INM mean were turned out to be not significant. The per cent distribution values of uptake clearly revealed that under O4 treatment, the accumulation of all the nutrients was more in fruit than O1 treatment. For instance, the accumulation of N, P and K in fruit with O4 treatment was 37.69, 24.08 and 33.09 per cent as against the respective values recorded with O1 were 33.21, 19.31 and 25.53 per vii cent. The results further revealed that application of sap (S1) also increased the translocation of N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu from vegetative to reproductive parts as compared to no application of sap. The magnitude of increase in accumulation of N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in fruit with S1 treatment was 37.8, 24.3, 30.9, 1.1, 0.6, 2.3 and 3.4 per cent, respectively over S0. Among the organics treatments, O4 i.e., application of BC: VC: CC in equal proportion recorded significantly higher values of shelf life, ascorbic acid, total sugar and reduce sugar content in papaya fruit as compared to O2 and O1, but O3 was next in ranking. The values of shelf life, ascorbic acid, total sugar and reducing sugar recorded with O4 treatment were 9, 7, 8 and 8 per cent more than O1 treatment. Similarly, application of pseudostem sap also exerted significant beneficial effect on quality parameters in comparison to its no application. Contrarily to this, titratable acidity was higher with INM as compared to organics mean. The organics treatment did not exert any significant effect on soil pH, salinity, organic C, available N, P, Zn and Cu content in both the depth of soil. There was no significant difference between the means of organic treatments and INM mean with respect to EC and pH of soil. The content of available K, Fe and Mn only in surface layer of soil was affected significantly due to organics treatment during both the years. In all the case, O4 recorded significantly higher values of available K, Fe and Mn as compared to O2 and O1 but it was closely followed by O3 treatment. An application of sap could significantly increase the content of organic C, available N and K mostly in surface soil during both the years. The application of sap significantly improved the availability of Mn during both the years and Zn during second year only in subsurface soil. However, the soil fertility parameters viz., organic carbon, available N, P and K content were significantly higher with organic treatment mean in comparison to INM. The results further revealed that this effect was viii more pronounced in surface layer than subsurface strata. With respect to available micronutrients cations in soil, all the cations were significantly more with organic treatment mean than INM control. Like soil fertility, physical properties viz., BD, HC and WAS of soil were also favorably improved under organic nutrient management system in comparison to INM system. Similarly, there was tremendous increase in both the fractions of aggregation under organic nutrient management system over INM. In order to know the economic viability of both the system, the economics was computed in two way i.e. selling price same for organic as well as INM fruit and premium price for fruits of organic nutrient management system. At same price of fruit, the net profit realized with INM was Rs. 3,07,520/ha with BCR of 3.3 as against the net profit of Rs. 1,32,224/ha with BCR of 0.77 with organic treatment mean. The best organic treatment O4 the net profit (1, 61, 787 Rs/ha) was almost half of the INM. Alternative scenario generated by considering premium price for organic product (Rs 10/kg), the net income realized was raised to Rs. 4,32,674/ha with BC of 2.53. This was also true for S0 and S1, where S1 recorded net profit of Rs. 4,47,914/ha with premium price as against Rs. 4, 08,506/ha with S0. |
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Date |
2016-04-28T12:51:04Z
2016-04-28T12:51:04Z 2012-07 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65631
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari
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