RESPONSE OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND SULPHUR
KrishiKosh
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Title |
RESPONSE OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND SULPHUR
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Creator |
PAVANI, S
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Contributor |
BHANU REKHA, K
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Subject |
SUNFLOWER, Helianthus annuus L., LEVELS, NITROGEN, SULPHUR
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Description |
A field experiment entitled “Response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to different levels of nitrogen and sulphur” was conducted during kharif 2011 at College farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad on sandy loam soils slightly alkaline (pH 7.5) in soil reaction, low in organic carbon (0.38 %), low in available nitrogen (226.4 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorous (38.7 kg ha-1) and potassium (258.0 kg ha-1) and low in available sulphur (17.9 kg ha-1). The treatments comprised of three levels of nitrogen (60, 90 and 120 kg N ha -1) and three levels of sulphur (0, 15 and 30 kg S ha -1). Thus the experiment consisted of 9 factorial combination of treatments applied to sunflower hybrid DRSH-1, laid out in a randomized block design and replicated thrice. The results revealed that, different levels of nitrogen and sulphur and their interaction significantly influenced the growth parameters, yield attributes and yield of sunflower. Application of nitrogen significantly influenced the growth parameters, yield attributes, yield and quality parameters of sunflower. The increase in the plant height, number of leaves plant-1, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, stem girth, head diameter and number of filled seeds head-1 were significant with each increment of nitrogen up to 120 kg N ha-1. While, application of 120 kg nitrogen delayed the days to 50 % flowering significantly over corresponding lower doses (60 and 90 kg N ha-1). Application of sulphur significantly influenced the growth parameters, yield attributes, yield and quality parameters of sunflower. The increase in the plant height, number of leaves plant-1, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, stem girth, head diameter and number of filled seeds head-1 were significant with each increment of sulphur up to 30 kg S ha-1. However, the days to 50 % flowering was delayed with increase in sulphur application from 0 to 30 kg S ha-1. Growth analysis viz., crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate and leaf area duration were significantly higher with crop applied with 120 kg N ha-1 and 30 kg S ha-1. Significant N x S interaction was observed on plant height, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation at all intervals except at 30 DAS. Further number of filled seeds head-1 was also significantly influenced by N x S interaction. Application of 120 kg N ha-1 registered significantly higher seed yield (2108 kg ha-1) over 60 and 90 kg N ha-1. Among the sulphur treatments application of 30 kg S ha -1 recorded highest seed yield (2048 kg ha-1) over 0 and 15 kg S ha-1. N x S interaction effect on seed yield and stalk yield was significant. Application of 120 kg N ha-1 recorded highest stalk yield (4072 kg ha-1) over 60 and 90 kg N ha-1 while, the lowest stalk yield (3638 kg ha-1) was observed in plots fertilized with 60 kg N ha-1. Application of 30 kg S ha-1 recorded significantly higher stalk yield (4028 kg ha-1) whereas, lowest stalk yield (3696 kg ha-1) was observed with no sulphur application. Nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 along with sulphur 30 kg ha-1 recorded significantly higher seed and stalk yield and this was followed by 120 kg N ha-1 along with 15 kg S ha-1. Higher values of harvest index and partitioning factor were noticed with application of nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 along with sulphur 30 kg ha-1 and it was lowest with non supply of sulphur. Application of 120 kg N ha-1 and 30 kg S ha-1 significantly improved the quality parameters viz., oil content, oil yield, protein content and protein yield. N x S interaction effect on protein content and protein yield was significant. Further, nitrogen and sulphur uptake significantly increased with nitrogen application up to 120 kg N ha-1 and up to 30 kg S ha-1 respectively. Higher post harvest soil available nitrogen and sulphur status were recorded with the application of 120 kg N ha-1 and 30 kg S ha-1. While, the lowest values were with 60 kg N ha-1 and no sulphur application. Gross monetary returns ( 66364 ha-1), net monetary returns ( benefit-cost ratio (1.93) were also highest with the same treatment. 43736 ha-1) and Among three different levels of nitrogen and sulphur studied, crop supplied with 120 kg nitrogen ha-1 and 30 kg sulphur ha-1 performed better in terms of plant height, number of leaves plant-1, leaf area index, dry matter production and stem girth over corresponding lower levels. The yield attributes viz., head diameter, number of filled seeds head-1, seed weight head-1 and 1000-seed weight, yield (seed and stalk), quality parameters, nutrient content and uptake (nitrogen and sulphur) and benefit-cost ratio were also higher with 120 kg nitrogen ha-1 and 30 kg sulphur ha-1 in comparison to other treatment combination. From this investigation it can be concluded that, application of 120 kg N ha-1 along with 30 kg S ha-1 was ideal for realizing higher seed yield, stalk yield and economic returns apart from maintaining better post harvest soil nutrient status |
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Date |
2016-06-29T13:22:24Z
2016-06-29T13:22:24Z 2012 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/68231
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Language |
en
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Relation |
D9184;
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
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