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Delignification and Bioethanol production from Agroresidues

KrishiKosh

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Title Delignification and Bioethanol production from Agroresidues
 
Creator Raghavendra B.Havannavar
 
Contributor Geeta Shrinalli
 
Subject Agricultural Microbiology
 
Description The agricultural crop residues such as paddy straw, wheat straw and sugarcane
bagasse are abundantly available having rich source of sugars. Ethanol can be blended
directly in petrol, upto 20%. Presently, 5% of ethanol is being blended along with diesel for
transportation in few states in India. This indicates the demand for ethanol. In the present
study, pre-treatment process was developed for hydrolyzing paddy straw, wheat straw and
sugarcane bagasse to get maximum fermentable sugars and further conversion to ethanol by
fermentation process. The substrates were powdered into two different particle size 1 cm and
less than 5 mm. The powdered substrates were pre-treated with 1.5% and 2% sulphuric acid
and alkali (sodium hydroxide) at the concentrations of 2% and 3%. Among these, the
substrates with particle size less than 5 mm and pre-treated with 3% alkali has given
maximum cellulase content in sugarcane bagasse 0.695 g/g followed by wheat straw 0.593
g/g and paddy straw 0.560 g/g. The maximum hemicellulase content was observed in paddy
straw 0.132 g/g followed by sugarcane bagasse 0.123 g/g and wheat straw 0.117 g/g. The
delignified substrates (with 3% NaOH) were subjected for microbiological and commercial
cellulase enzyme pre-treatment for further saccharification. Among fungal cultures
Trichoderma reesei has yielded maximum reducing sugar in all the substrates. The
commercial cellulase enzyme yielded maximum reducing sugar as compared to that of fungi.
The hydrolysate thus obtained was used for screening of yeast cultures. Among these,
the substrates pre-treated with commercial cellulase enzyme were recorded maximum ethanol
compared to the substrates pre-treated with Trichoderma reesei. Among yeast strains
Pachysolen tannophilus NCIM 3445 has showed comparatively higher ethanol yield in all the
substrates.
The chemical delignification process developed followed by the cellulase enzyme
treatment yields maximum reducing sugars and yeast Pachysolen tannophilus was identified
suitable for ethanol production.
 
Date 2016-10-17T10:51:17Z
2016-10-17T10:51:17Z
2006
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/80661
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher UAS, Dharwad