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Management of Insect Pests and Dissipation Pattern of Insecticide Residues In/On Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

KrishiKosh

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Title Management of Insect Pests and Dissipation Pattern of Insecticide Residues In/On Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
 
Creator Mutkule, D.S.
 
Contributor Patel, Z.P.
 
Subject vegetables, fruits, insecticides, integrated pest management, diseases, biological interaction, land resources, crops, yields, seasons
 
Description Investigations on seasonal incidence of pests of brinjal, bio-efficacy, dissipation study of insecticides and evaluation of NPM and IPM module were carried out at College Farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat during rabi, 2012 and 2013. Studies on seasonal incidence of brinjal pest indicated that the shoot borer infestation prevailed during October to January. However, its maximum activity was found during November. The pest infestation was found positively influenced by maximum and mean temperature, whereas negatively by evening and mean relative humidity. The infestation of fruit borer on fruits remained maximum during March and was positively influenced by maximum, minimum, mean temperature, morning vapour pressure and bright sunshine hours. The peak activity of aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) was in 3rd SMW of January and the incidence was negatively influenced by maximum, minimum and mean temperature, morning and mean vapour pressure and bright sunshine hours. The activity of jassid (Amrasca biguttula biguttula) was confined during September to May with maximum during October and was positively influenced by maximum temperature, while other parameters did not influence on jassid activity.
The population of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) remained throughout the crop period with peak incidence during October to November. The pest incidence was found positively influenced by maximum and mean temperature, while negatively by wind speed.
Bio-efficacy of insecticides indicated that fipronil at 0.005 per cent established its superiority by imparting lowest (1.45%) shoot damage followed by indoxacarb 0.007 per cent (2.81%) and bifenthrin 0.0025 per cent (3.10%) which did not differ significantly from each other. Moreover, the treatment of fipronil 0.005 per cent proved its remarkable performance by imparting significantly lowest (11.97%) fruit damage followed by indoxacarb 0.007 per cent (17.40%) and bifenthrin 0.0025 per cent (19.32%). Furthermore, the treatment of fipronil at 0.005 per cent found most effective against suppression of aphid population (2.47 aphid/leaf) followed by bifenthrin 0.0025 per cent (6.95 aphid / leaf) and indoxacarb 0.007 per cent (9.89 aphid / leaf). The same treatment i.e. fipronil 0.005 per cent (0.93 jassid / leaf) showed its superiority for control of jassid population followed by bifenthrin 0.005 per cent (1.53 jassids / leaf) and indoxacarb 0.007 per cent (2.42 jassid / leaf) as the next best treatments. While, for the control of whiteflies the treatment of fipronil 0.005 per cent (1.38 whiteflies / leaf) established its superiority by imparting lowest whiteflies population and bifenthrin 0.0025 per cent (2.46 whiteflies / leaf) as the next best treatment, which was followed by indoxacarb 0.007 per cent (3.64 whiteflies / leaf). The highest fruit yield was also recorded with the treatment of fipronil 0.005 per cent (449.20 q/ha) followed by indoxacarb 0.007 per cent (384.25 q/ha) and bifenthrin 0.0025 per cent (380.90 q/ha). Whereas, the highest ICBR was recorded with the treatment of bifenthrin 0.0025 per cent, indoxacarb 0.007 per cent and fipronil 0.005 per cent.
Dissipation studies on insecticides used in brinjal revealed that, half life and waiting period of quinalphos at 0.05 per cent were 1.32 and 1.07 days, while it was 1.55 and 2.99 days for quinalphos 0.1 per cent, respectively. Fipronil at 0.005 per cent in/on brinjal fruit showed half life period of 2.55 and 3.0 days of waiting period. Whereas, in double to recommended dose (0.01 %) the half life period of 2.62 and 5.83 days. The dissipation of bifenthrin at 0.0025 per cent showed 1.16 as half life as well as 0.89 days as waiting period. While in double to recommended (0.005 %) it was 1.30 and 2.52 days as half life and waiting period, respectively. In case of indoxacarb at 0.007 per cent and 0.014 per cent, 2.57 and 2.77 as half life and 0.15 and 2.52 days of waiting period were worked out in both the doses, respectively. The dissipation of novaluron at 0.01and 0.2 per cent showed 1.61 and 1.95 days half life with 1.06 and 1.94 days of waiting period.
Coccinellids are the major predators of sucking pests in brinjal. During the investigation it was also observed that the insecticides viz., fipronil, bifenthrin, indoxacarb, novaluron and quinalphos were found safer to the coccinellids. Likewise, there was non-significant difference in population of coccinellids in tested module viz., IPM and NPM. The data on Non-Pesticidal Module and Integrated Pest Management module revealed that, the IPM module played significant role in controlling the shoot and fruit borer infestation and population of sucking pests viz., aphids, jassids and whiteflies throughout the crop period. Highest fruit yield (445.01 q ha-1) was obtained with the IPM module and which could avoid 35.26 per cent yield losses with successive use of IPM components as compared to NPM module
 
Date 2016-04-28T10:16:59Z
2016-04-28T10:16:59Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65620
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher NAU