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MANAGERIAL EFFICIENCY OF COCONUT PLANTATION GROWERS IN COASTAL AREA OF SAURASHTRA REGION

KrishiKosh

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Title MANAGERIAL EFFICIENCY OF COCONUT PLANTATION GROWERS IN COASTAL AREA OF SAURASHTRA REGION
 
Creator KALSARIYA BAVBHAI NAYABHAI
 
Contributor Popat M.N.
 
Subject coconuts
EXTENSION EDUCATION
 
Description The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera Linn.) is the most useful
palm in the world. Every part of the tree is useful. It is much
attached to the emotions of the people in the South East Asia that it
forms a part of the mythology and culture and is auspicious in
various ceremonies. Coconut tree is ranked among one of the 10
most useful trees of the world and is often termed as 'kalpavriksha',
the "tree of life".
Copra obtained by drying the kernel of coconut is the richest
source of vegetable oil containing 65 to 70 per cent oil. Several
other products are derived from coconut palm and they too are
used in many applications. Copra is used to extract coconut oil and
coconut meal in the ratio of 3:2. The products like hair oil, soaps,
shampoos and medicines require coconut oil as an important
ingredient. Also the kernel is quite popular in a vast number of
cuisines.
Coconut occupies prime position in the cultural, social and
economic lives of millions of people across the world. The crop
husbandry and allied activities provide livelihood and food security
to more than 10 million people in India. Coconut oil, the main
commercial product, determines prices of coconut and its products.
The increasing trend in area and production of coconut in the
country with the regress in the consumption of coconut oil in both
edible and non-edible sector on account of cheap substitutes
necessitated development of broad based processing and cultivation
technologies for sustainable growth of the industry.
Traditionally coconut industry in India has concentrated on
copra making, extraction of coconut oil and coir manufacturing.
Economic globalization has added integrated various regional
markets into a world market. As a result, various new coconut
products from elsewhere in the world have found a prominent place
in the product profile of the food chain markets in the country.
To make the industry competitive, significant changes have to
be made in domestic market in terms of product developments and
deep market integration. Emphasis has to be given for value
addition in coconut through product diversification and by-product
utilization and for evolving technologies for development of new
value added products in tune with those of other leading countries.
Management may in short be called a science of decisionmaking
or a science of choice. A farmer has to make judicious
decisions on the use of scarce resources, having alternative uses to
obtain the maximum profit and family satisfaction on a continuous
basis from the farm as a whole. In other words, management seeks
to help the farmer in deciding problems like what to produce, how
much to produce and when to buy and sell and in organization and
managerial problems relating to these decisions.
Management plays an impressive role on the performance of
four key tasks, namely, achieving economic performance, creating
productive work, managing the social impact and responsibility of a
business and managing the time dimension.
The agriculture being an enterprise is not an exception to
this. The coconut plantation growers as the manager of the
enterprise are expected to bring about maximum profit with
available resources. Coconut plantation growers perform many
functions in carrying out the better production such as: preparing a
plan of work, giving clear instructions, integrating the work, taking
proper decision at right time, implementing the decision etc. in
carrying out the management activity in coconut plantation. All the
above functions involve in one or the other way, many management
components viz. planning, organizing, directing, controlling, human
relation, leading, coordinating and decision making. Today farming
enterprise is becoming more complex and complicated and
therefore, management is a key to face these problems. To make
coconut plantation more productive, proper management of
scientific coconut plantation practices should be adopted by
coconut plantation growers. Therefore, the present study was
designed to measure managerial efficiency of coconut plantation
growers about scientific cultivation of coconut plantation and find
out the effect of selected variables on managerial efficiency with the
following objectives:
1. To study the personal, socio-economic, psychological and
extension communication profile of coconut plantation growers.
2. To develop and standardize a scale to measure the managerial
efficiency of coconut plantation growers in coconut cultivation.
3. To ascertain managerial efficiency of coconut plantation growers.
4. To assess the perception of coconut plantation growers about
quality and damage caused by eriophyid mite on coconut.
5. To ascertain the relationship between managerial efficiency of
coconut plantation growers and their selected characteristics.
6. To know the extent of variation caused by selected independent
variables in the managerial efficiency of coconut plantation
growers.
7. To elicit the constraints faced by coconut plantation growers in
adoption of improved coconut cultivation technology and their
suggestions to overcome the constraints.
The study was conducted in the coastal areas of Saurashtra
where coconut is a major crop. Total five talukas i.e. 3 talukas of
Junagadh, 1 taluka of Porbandar and 1 taluka of Bhavnagar
district were selected purposively which is having the highest
coconut growing area. Three villages from each taluka and 10
respondents from each village i.e. total 15 villages and 150
respondents were included in the sample. The dependent variable
undertaken in this study was managerial efficiency. The
independent variables were age, educational status, farm size, area
under coconut cultivation, herd size, annual income, social
participation, access to market facilities, innovativeness, risk
orientation, perception, symbolic adoption, attitude towards
coconut cultivation, information seeking behaviour, extension
participation and participation in training programme. To measure
managerial efficiency of coconut plantation growers, a scale was
developed using Normalised Rank Approach. Other variables were
measured using different scales and indices. The data of this study
were collected through personal interview. The data so collected
were classified, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted in terms of
objectives. The findings of the study are summarized as below:
1. In detail analysis of major indicators of managerial efficiency
scale, the judges gave first rank to knowledge followed by
planning, rational marketing, rational decision, budgeting,
communication and human relationship, organizing, value
addition, controlling and coordinating. Among the each main
indicators, coconut plantation growers gave first position to
intercropping and quality of coconut products in knowledge,
planning about the inputs in ability to planning, technical
competency in making decision in ability to make rational
decision, coconut plantation growers gave importance to team
work to achieve the goal in organizing the activities, consulting
the extension worker when they heard about the incidences of
insect-pests and eriophyid mite in epidemic condition or disease
attack on the coconut plantation for coordinate activities,
consultation with family members about source of credit for
budgeting, well aware about co-operation with co-workers which
produce better results in form of desirable work hours in
communication and human relationship, supply of coconut
fruits to the market when high price of produce in ability to
make rational marketing, ability to sell the coconut produce after
grading process which increase value addition and supervising
the working of people while different agricultural operation in
ability to controlling activities.
2. The managerial efficiency of coconut plantation growers under
study was found predominantly medium (51.33 per cent).
3. More than three fourth (77.33 per cent) of the respondents were
in middle and old age group and more than one third (34.00 per
cent) of them were educated up to primary and middle level
education.
4. Majority (86.00 per cent) of the coconut plantation growers were
under the category of small and medium farmers, up to 5.00
acres of area under coconut cultivation (50.67 per cent), having
small size of herd size (up to 3 animals) (47.33 per cent),
majority of them had their earning of more than fifty thousand
rupees per year (89.33 per cent), medium social participation
(66.67 per cent) and 57.33 per cent of them had high access to
market facilities.
5. Majority (37.33 per cent) of coconut plantation growers reported
that they had adopted the innovation immediately after they had
seen it, medium risk orientation (56.67 per cent), medium
perception level about quality and damaged caused by eriophyid
mite in coconut (63.33 per cent), medium symbolic adoption
(60.00 per cent) and moderately to highly favourable attitude
towards the cultivation of coconut (84.00 per cent).
6. Majority (60.67 per cent) of the coconut plantation growers were
in the category of average and above average level in case of
information seeking behaviour, medium level of extension
participation (54.67 per cent) and 78.67 per cent coconut
plantation growers were either medium trained or untrained.
7. Coconut plantation growers’ characteristics such as education,
farm size, area under coconut plantation cultivation, annual
income, access to market facilities, innovativeness, risk
orientation, perception about quality and damaged cause by
eriophyid mite, symbolic adoption, attitude toward coconut
cultivation, information seeking behaviour and extension
participation had significant relationship with managerial
efficiency of coconut plantation growers.
8. Among 16 selected characteristics of coconut plantation growers,
eleven variables viz.; age, educational status, farm size, area
under coconut cultivation, annual income, social participation,
access to market facilities, innovativeness, risk orientation and
participation in training programme were contributing
significantly to managerial efficiency of coconut plantation
growers. All the 16 independent variables together explained
total variation in managerial efficiency to the extent of 69.90 per
cent. Access to market facilitates had great influence of 43.48
per cent.
9. Lack of awareness about control measure to eriophyid mite,
serious problems of eriophyid mites, lack of modern spraying
equipment to control the eriophyid mite, high cost of insecticides
and pesticides, unremunerative price for tender nuts and mature
nuts, neighboring farmers do not spray insecticides to control
eriophyid mite so difficult to get good result, complicated method
and delay / insufficient facilities of loan and subsidies, lack of
timely availability of fertilizers, lack of emphasis on value
addition training, problem of spraying insecticide while taking
intercrop, intercropping increase weed problem and lack of
knowledge about coconut based industry were the important
constraints faced by the coconut plantation growers.
10. The most important suggestions offered by majority of the
coconut plantation growers were; creating awareness about
damaged and deteriorated quality of coconut caused by
eriophyid mite, specific pest effective insecticide should be
recommended, establishment of market facilities at local level,
price of pesticides and fertilizers should be reasonable,
government should provide subsidy for chemical fertilizer and
short term training programme should be conducted on use of
herbicide and plant protection measures.
 
Date 2016-09-21T17:27:27Z
2016-09-21T17:27:27Z
2011-10
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/78220
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf