PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF HETEROSIS IN INTER AND INTRA SPECIFIC COTTON HYBRIDS (GOSSYPIUM SPP.)
KrishiKosh
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Title |
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF HETEROSIS IN INTER AND INTRA SPECIFIC COTTON HYBRIDS (GOSSYPIUM SPP.)
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Creator |
THAKARE, HARISH S.
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Contributor |
KUMAR, V.
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Subject |
hybrids, cotton, heterosis, planting, yields, sowing, crossing over, enzymes, land resources, area
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Description |
Today, about 97 % cot ton area in the country is under G. hirsutum hybrids. The number runs in hundreds, however hardly 50 of them occupy sizeable area. Infact, most of them have been rout inely developed wi thout taking physiological and even genetical background in considerat ion. Limited studies covering only few individual aspects of physiological basis of heterosis have been carried out and therefore an effort has been made here to get a convincing clue to understand the mechanism of manifestation of heterosis in cotton hybrids wi th the help of some important physiological parameters. The present investigation enti t led. “Physiological basis of heterosis in inter and intra specific cot ton hybrids.” was undertaken at the Main Cotton Research Station, Navsari Agricultural Universi ty, Surat during Khari f season of 2011-12 and 2012-13. Nine cul tivars consist ing of three hybrids of cotton (viz. G.Cot .Hy-12, G.Cot .Hy-102 and G.Cot .DH-9) and their six respect ive parents were taken in invest igation. The experiment was carried out in RBD wi th four replicat ions. The result indicated that the hybrids adjusted i ts growth and formed an efficient skeleton. This was eviedent from the intermediate values of plant height , number of monopodia and sympodia, leaf area index, leaf area rat io, leaf area durat ion, relat ive growth rate and net assimi lat ion rate. The posi tive or negative values of heterosis for these characters indicated that the hybrids ut i lized i ts vigour to increase the yield potential i ty, which was proved by significantly higher harvest index. The laboratory study on seedl ing development suggested that all the hybrids have higher hydrolyt ic enzyme activi ty and germinat ion percentage than their parents. Whereas in case of shoot length, fresh and dry weight hybrid G.Cot.Hy-12 and G.Cot .DH-9 showed posi tive heterot ic effect . The ent ire yield contribut ing characters viz. number of bolls, boll weight , biomass and harvest index also contributed significant ly to build up higher yield of the hybrids. Similar effects were also observed for economic characters. The resul t of fibre properties showed that the hirsutum hybrid G.Cot .Hy-12 exhibi ted long staple, excel lent uniformi ty rat io, good maturi ty coefficient and average strength. While, ELS hybrid G.Cot.Hy-102 was extra long in 2.5 % span length, good for fibre strength and uniformi ty rat io. Desi hybrid G.Cot .DH-9 showed good span length, excellent uniformity rat io, fine fibre, average fibre strength and good maturi ty rat io. The present findings have clearly shown that the higher yield potent ial in al l the three hybrids of cot ton tested may be at tributed to the desired level of plant growth and development resul t ing from the opt imum and composite effect of some important physiological parameters such as LAI, LAD, NAR, RGR, LAR and DMI. In the present investigat ion out of the three hybrids, intraspecific hybr id G.Cot .Hy-12 recorded significantly higher yield per plant fol lowed by interspecific hybrid G.Cot .Hy-102 and desi hybrid G.Cot .DH-9. This study also showed that in parental l ine, the hybrids remained more close to their respect ive female parents than male parents for most of studied parameters. Thus, i t can be concluded that select ion of parents based on physiological trai ts could lead to the development of good hybrids provided combining abil i ty is not limi t ing. This investigation also led us to bel ieve that the heterosis is complex phenomenon governed by the bio-physiological reactions and their relat ive rates resul t ing from different genetic combinat ion or their interaction wi th environment can very wel l be understood and expressed in the form of morphophysiological parameters of plants. |
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Date |
2016-05-03T15:28:13Z
2016-05-03T15:28:13Z 2013-11 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65755
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari
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