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PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF HETEROSIS IN INTER AND INTRA SPECIFIC COTTON HYBRIDS (GOSSYPIUM SPP.)

KrishiKosh

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Title PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF HETEROSIS IN INTER AND INTRA SPECIFIC COTTON HYBRIDS (GOSSYPIUM SPP.)
 
Creator THAKARE, HARISH S.
 
Contributor KUMAR, V.
 
Subject hybrids, cotton, heterosis, planting, yields, sowing, crossing over, enzymes, land resources, area
 
Description Today, about 97 % cot ton area in the country is under
G. hirsutum hybrids. The number runs in hundreds, however hardly
50 of them occupy sizeable area. Infact, most of them have been
rout inely developed wi thout taking physiological and even
genetical background in considerat ion. Limited studies covering
only few individual aspects of physiological basis of heterosis
have been carried out and therefore an effort has been made here to
get a convincing clue to understand the mechanism of
manifestation of heterosis in cotton hybrids wi th the help of some
important physiological parameters.
The present investigation enti t led. “Physiological basis
of heterosis in inter and intra specific cot ton hybrids.” was
undertaken at the Main Cotton Research Station, Navsari
Agricultural Universi ty, Surat during Khari f season of 2011-12 and
2012-13. Nine cul tivars consist ing of three hybrids of cotton (viz.
G.Cot .Hy-12, G.Cot .Hy-102 and G.Cot .DH-9) and their six
respect ive parents were taken in invest igation. The experiment was
carried out in RBD wi th four replicat ions.
The result indicated that the hybrids adjusted i ts growth
and formed an efficient skeleton. This was eviedent from the
intermediate values of plant height , number of monopodia and
sympodia, leaf area index, leaf area rat io, leaf area durat ion,
relat ive growth rate and net assimi lat ion rate. The posi tive or
negative values of heterosis for these characters indicated that the
hybrids ut i lized i ts vigour to increase the yield potential i ty, which
was proved by significantly higher harvest index.
The laboratory study on seedl ing development
suggested that all the hybrids have higher hydrolyt ic enzyme
activi ty and germinat ion percentage than their parents. Whereas in
case of shoot length, fresh and dry weight hybrid G.Cot.Hy-12 and
G.Cot .DH-9 showed posi tive heterot ic effect .
The ent ire yield contribut ing characters viz. number of
bolls, boll weight , biomass and harvest index also contributed
significant ly to build up higher yield of the hybrids. Similar
effects were also observed for economic characters. The resul t of
fibre properties showed that the hirsutum hybrid G.Cot .Hy-12
exhibi ted long staple, excel lent uniformi ty rat io, good maturi ty
coefficient and average strength. While, ELS hybrid G.Cot.Hy-102
was extra long in 2.5 % span length, good for fibre strength and
uniformi ty rat io. Desi hybrid G.Cot .DH-9 showed good span
length, excellent uniformity rat io, fine fibre, average fibre strength
and good maturi ty rat io.
The present findings have clearly shown that the higher
yield potent ial in al l the three hybrids of cot ton tested may be
at tributed to the desired level of plant growth and development
resul t ing from the opt imum and composite effect of some
important physiological parameters such as LAI, LAD, NAR, RGR,
LAR and DMI.
In the present investigat ion out of the three hybrids,
intraspecific hybr id G.Cot .Hy-12 recorded significantly higher
yield per plant fol lowed by interspecific hybrid G.Cot .Hy-102 and
desi hybrid G.Cot .DH-9.
This study also showed that in parental l ine, the hybrids
remained more close to their respect ive female parents than male
parents for most of studied parameters.
Thus, i t can be concluded that select ion of parents
based on physiological trai ts could lead to the development of
good hybrids provided combining abil i ty is not limi t ing. This
investigation also led us to bel ieve that the heterosis is complex
phenomenon governed by the bio-physiological reactions and their
relat ive rates resul t ing from different genetic combinat ion or their
interaction wi th environment can very wel l be understood and
expressed in the form of morphophysiological parameters of
plants.
 
Date 2016-05-03T15:28:13Z
2016-05-03T15:28:13Z
2013-11
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65755
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari