STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STUDIES OF WOODY ELEMENTS OF BETULA FOREST IN SANGLA VALLEY OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
KrishiKosh
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Title |
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STUDIES OF WOODY ELEMENTS OF BETULA FOREST IN SANGLA VALLEY OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
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Creator |
ASIF ALI
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Contributor |
BAWA, RAJAN
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Subject |
Betula Forests ;Sangla Valley
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Description |
ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled, “Structural and Functional Studies of Woody Elements of Betula Forests in Sangla Valley of Himachal Pradesh”. The study area was divided into three horizontal (lower, middle and upper) elevations and vertically five zones. To carry out this study five quadrates of 10 x 100m were laid down for the study of trees and shrubs, whereas, twenty quadrates of 2 x 2m were layed per main plot to study the regeneration parameters. The IVI value of Pinus wallichiana was recorded highest at all the three elevations, whereas, the IVI value of Betula utilis was found lesser than other associated species in spite of higher relative density. The similarity index value was, in general, more than 50 per cent for both trees and shrubs indicating vegetational uniformity in the study area. The maximum diversity for woody elements was observed at lower elevations. There was no single phenological stage which was not being overlapped by previous or the next phenological stage. Thus, there was no major and abrupt change from one phenophase to another. The results on phytosociological studies reveal that the total number of tree species decreased with the increase in elevation from 3,000 to 3,900m amsl. The recruits, unestablished and established plants of Betula utilis and associated species decreased with the increase in elevation. Similarly, the regeneration success decreased with increase in elevation. The maximum total weighted average height, total established index, total stocking index and total establishment stocking per cent were recorded at lower elevation. There was a decrease in availability of soil moisture, organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus with increase in soil depth. However, soil pH increased with increase in soil depth in all the elevations. The solar influx, photosynthesis, transpiration and water use efficiency decreased with increase in elevation. The nutrient status of Betula at different elevations was found maximum at lower elevation and found minimum at upper elevation. Simple correlation reveal that regeneration of B. utilis had a positive and significant correlation with soil organic carbon, pH, organic matter layer and solar influx, soil moisture and soil nutrients, viz., nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium availability. |
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Date |
2016-07-01T11:15:02Z
2016-07-01T11:15:02Z 2011 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/68349
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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