EVALUATION OF PRE-RELEASE GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) GENOTYPES FOR HIGH WATER USE EFFICIENCY, TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE AND ROOT MINING TRAITS
KrishiKosh
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Title |
EVALUATION OF PRE-RELEASE GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) GENOTYPES FOR HIGH WATER USE EFFICIENCY, TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE AND ROOT MINING TRAITS
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Creator |
PRANUSHA PULIVENDULA
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Contributor |
RAJA RAJESWARI, V
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Subject |
genotypes, groundnuts, planting, irrigation, yields, vegetative propagation, drying, crops, weather hazards, biological development
Arachis hypogaea L.), |
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Description |
Two field experiments were conducted under rainfed conditions to study the “Evaluation of pre-release groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes for high water use efficiency, temperature tolerance and root mining traits” at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati in a Randomized Block Design with 15 genotypes during kharif, 2010. An experiment was taken up on a specially constructed raised platform soil beds (15m x 2m x 1.8 m) to study root mining abilities of groundnut genotypes. Another field experiment was conducted to evaluate 15 groundnut (Spanish bunch) genotypes for morphological, physiological, water use efficiency, thermotolerance characters in different phenophases of crop growth. The present investigation revealed sufficient genotypic variability among the pre-release and released genotypes for root traits, water use efficiency and thermotolerance. This indicates clearly that these traits can be used to evaluate groundnut (Spanish bunch) genotypes for respective characters. The root mining traits viz., root length, root dry weight, root volume and root-shoot ratio varied significantly among the genotypes. Significant and positive correlations were observed between root length and shoot dry weight and root dry weight with shoot dry weight. Among the genotypes tested, TCGS-1071 and TCGS-1073 recorded higher root mining abilities. Among the morphological traits studied, TCGS-1070 recorded higher early vigour and early flowering, which are good traits, for drought escapism. However, the genotype did not show yield advantage. Based on the plant height, the pre-release genotypes can be classified into three groups i.e., long statured (TCGS-1075, TCGS-991, TCGS-1043 and TCGS-1073), moderate statured (TCGS-1070 and TCGS-1045) and short statured (TCGS-1014, TCGS-969, TCGS-1076, TCGS-894 and TCGS-1071). The pre-release genotypes TCGS-991, TCGS-969, TCGS-1043 and TCGS-894 recorded higher photosynthetic rates with low transpiration rates, thereby recording higher total dry matter accumulation and other growth parameters viz., LAI, LAD, NAR and CGR. The study revealed positive correlations among leaf area, leaf dry weight and total plant dry matter. Similarly, LAI recorded positive correlation with CGR. Among the two surrogate methods used for evaluating WUE of the groundnut genotypes, SLA established negative correlation with pod yield. In contrast, SCMR showed positive correlation with pod yield. However, a negative correlation was observed between SLA and SCMR indicating the importance of unit amount of chlorophyll content per unit leaf area. The genotypes TCGS-991, TCGS-969, TCGS-1043 and TCGS-894 recorded low SLA and high SCMR and thus were found to be of high WUE types. It is imperative to note that above genotypes have also maintained cell membrane integrity and high photosystem II activity when exposed to high temperatures (520C) and revealed their intrinsic abilities to tolerate high temperatures. The genotypes varied significantly in yield and yield components. TCGS-991 and TCGS-1043 recorded significantly higher pod yields and shelling percentage with lower Harvest Index. The genotypes TCGS-969 recorded significantly higher pod yield as well as Harvest Index than best checks. Among various drought tolerant traits used, SCMR and photosynthetic rates recorded positive correlation with yield and in contrast SLA showed negative correlation. No other drought tolerant trait showed association with any of the yield components. In conclusion, TCGS-1071 can be exploited in breeding programmes for high root mining abilities. The cultivars, TCGS-969, TCGS-991, TCGS-1043 and TCGS-894 with high WUE, thermotolerance and moderate root mining abilities can be exploited either as donor source in breeding programmes or may be promoted for multi-location testing under rainfed conditions for making recommendation. |
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Date |
2016-06-02T11:10:05Z
2016-06-02T11:10:05Z 2011 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66619
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Language |
en
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Relation |
D8952;
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
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